Recommendations Summary

 

Evidence Analysis Question(s)

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of iron supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of iron supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of iron supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of iron supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of iron supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of iron supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of thiamin supplementation on quality measures (readmissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of thiamin supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of thiamin supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of thiamin supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of thiamin supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of thiamin supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on quality measures (readmissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I–IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I-IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I - IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I to IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with heart failure (NYHA Classes I - IV/AHA Stages B and C), what is the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on quality of life, signs & symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on quality measures (re-admissions rate, length of stay, mortality)?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on quality of life, signs and symptoms?

In patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA Class IV/AHA Stage D), what is the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on renal function labs and clinical labs?

Date of Literature Review

August 2014

Inclusion Criteria

Age

All adults (19 and over).

Setting 

All settings.

Health Status

Ejection fraction was less than or equal to 45%.

Nutrition-Related Problem or Condition

• Cachexia
• Edema
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Limited activities
• Anorexia
• QOL
• Readmissions.

Study Design Preferences

• RCT or clinical controlled trials
• Meta analysis
• Cohort studies,  retrospective or prospective
• At least four weeks or one month in duration.

Size of Study Groups

N was more than 10 in each arm.

Study Dropout Rate

Less than 20%.

Year Range

Year range was 2000 to July 2014.

Authorship

• If an author is included on more than one primary research article that is similar in content, the most recent article will be accepted and earlier versions will be rejected
• If an author is included on more than one primary research article and the content is different, then both articles may be accepted.

Language   

Limited to articles in English.
 

Exclusion Criteria

Age

Children less than 19 years.

Health Status

• Ejection fraction higher than 45%
• Preserved ejection fraction.

Study Design Preferences

• Review papers (all kinds), commentaries, case reports
• Shorter than four weeks or one month in duration.

Size of Study Groups

Less than 10 individuals in each arm.

Study Dropout Rate

More than 20%.

Year Range

Prior to 2000.

Language

Not English-speaking.

Search Terms: Search Vocabulary

Health Condition (populations of patients)

• Advanced heart failure
• Clinically stable
• Chronic heart failure
• Heart failure
• Congestive heart failure
• Cardiomyopathy
• Postpartum cardiomyopathy
• Renal insufficiency
• Reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). 

Intervention

• Vitamin D supplementation
• CoQ10 supplementation
• Thiamin supplementation
• Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation
• Iron supplementation. 

Outcomes

• Inflammatory status:
  • TNF-alpha
  • IL-6
  • CRP
  • IL-10.
• Functional status:
  • Ejection fraction
  • ADL
  • Readmissions
  • NYHA class.
• Thiamin status
• Iron status
• Vitamin D status
• CoQ10 status
• Carotenoid status
• Edema
• VO₂ peak
• QOL
• Readmissions
• Six-minute walk
• Exercise and physical activity.

Study Design

• RCT
• Clinical controlled trial
• Meta analysis
• Cohort study (prospective or retrospective)
• At least four weeks or one month in duration. 

Limits To Be Applied at the Start of a Search

• RCT
• Clinical-controlled trial
• Meta analysis
• Cohort study (prospective or retrospective)
• Publication range of January 1, 2000 to August 31, 2014
• Humans
• Aged 19 years or older
• English language.

Electronic Databases 

Results of Supplementation Search

PubMed: Date of Search: 1/14/2015

 

Search Terms	Hits	Abstracts to Rev
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	137	ND
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	6	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND inflammatory[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	10	2
heart failure AND vitamin D AND TNF*	4	1
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("tumor necrosis factors"[MeSH Terms] OR ("tumor"[All Fields] AND "necrosis"[All Fields] AND "factors"[All Fields]) OR "tumor necrosis factors"[All Fields] OR ("tnf"[All Fields] AND "alpha"[All Fields]) OR "tnf alpha"[All Fields] OR "tumor necrosis factor-alpha"[MeSH Terms] OR ("tumor"[All Fields] AND "necrosis"[All Fields] AND "factor-alpha"[All Fields]) OR "tumor necrosis factor-alpha"[All Fields] OR ("tnf"[All Fields] AND "alpha"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	6	1
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("interleukin-6"[MeSH Terms] OR "interleukin-6"[All Fields] OR "il 6"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	4	0
(advanced[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	4	0
(advanced[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND inflammatory[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0

Date of Search: 1/15/2015
 

Search Terms	Hits	Abstracts to Rev
(clinically[All Fields] AND stable[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields])	0
(clinically[All Fields] AND stable[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND inflammatory[All Fields]	0
(chronic[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	2	1
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	2
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND inflammatory[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	2	1
("cardiomyopathies"[MeSH Terms] OR "cardiomyopathies"[All Fields] OR "cardiomyopathy"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
"renal insufficiency"[MeSH Terms] OR ("renal"[All Fields] AND "insufficiency"[All Fields]) OR "renal insufficiency"[All Fields]) AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND TNF[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
(advanced[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND TNF[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
(chronic[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND TNF[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND TNF[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("interleukin-6"[MeSH Terms] OR "interleukin-6"[All Fields] OR "il 6"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
chronic[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields])) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("interleukin-6"[MeSH Terms] OR "interleukin-6"[All Fields] OR "il 6"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("interleukin-6"[MeSH Terms] OR "interleukin-6"[All Fields] OR "il 6"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND CRP[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND CRP[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND ("interleukin-10"[MeSH Terms] OR "interleukin-10"[All Fields] OR "il 10"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	1	1
"heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (vitamin d supplement[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementation[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementations[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplemented[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplementierung[All Fields] OR vitamin d supplements[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	22	3
Levitan EB [Author]	90
Levitan EB[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	18	0 for vit D
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (coq10 supplement[All Fields] OR coq10 supplementation[All Fields] OR coq10 supplemented[All Fields] OR coq10 supplements[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	3	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (thiamin supplementation[All Fields] OR thiamin supplemented[All Fields] OR thiamin supplements[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	1	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (omega 3 supplement[All Fields] OR omega 3 supplementation[All Fields] OR omega 3 supplemented[All Fields] OR omega 3 supplements[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
"heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (omega 3 fatty acid supplement[All Fields] OR omega 3 fatty acid supplementation[All Fields] OR omega 3 fatty acid supplemented[All Fields] OR omega 3 fatty acid supplements[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	1	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("fatty acids, omega-3"[MeSH Terms] OR ("fatty"[All Fields] AND "acids"[All Fields] AND "omega-3"[All Fields]) OR "omega-3 fatty acids"[All Fields] OR "omega 3 fatty acid"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	22	5
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("alpha-linolenic acid"[MeSH Terms] OR ("alpha-linolenic"[All Fields] AND "acid"[All Fields]) OR "alpha-linolenic acid"[All Fields] OR ("linolenic"[All Fields] AND "acid"[All Fields]) OR "linolenic acid"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (alpha-linolenic[All Fields] AND (fatty acid supplementation[All Fields] OR fatty acid supplemented[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("fatty acids, omega-3"[MeSH Terms] OR ("fatty"[All Fields] AND "acids"[All Fields] AND "omega-3"[All Fields]) OR "omega-3 fatty acids"[All Fields] OR "n 3 fatty acid"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	22	3
Morgan DR[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	3	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (n-3PUFA[All Fields] AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	1	1
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("iron"[MeSH Terms] OR "iron"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	13	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (iron supplement[All Fields] OR iron supplementary[All Fields] OR iron supplementation[All Fields] OR iron supplementations[All Fields] OR iron supplemented[All Fields] OR iron supplementing[All Fields] OR iron supplements[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/08/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	12	0

PubMed: Date of Search: 1/22/2015 
 

Search Terms	Hits	Abstracts to Rev
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	140
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplement"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	15	3
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	29	4
(chronic[All Fields] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	45	4
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	140
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields])) AND ("inflammation"[MeSH Terms] OR "inflammation"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	6	1
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields] OR ("congestive"[All Fields] AND "heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "congestive heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields])) AND inflammatory[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	10	2
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields])) AND readmissions[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplement"[All Fields])) AND readmissions[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplement"[All Fields])) AND (ejection[All Fields] AND fraction[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	1	1
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplement"[All Fields])) AND ADL[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("vitamin d"[MeSH Terms] OR "vitamin d"[All Fields] OR "ergocalciferols"[MeSH Terms] OR "ergocalciferols"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplement"[All Fields])) AND QOL[All Fields] AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	0
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("coenzyme Q10"[Supplementary Concept] OR "coenzyme Q10"[All Fields] OR "coq10"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplement"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	5	1
(("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND ("coenzyme Q10"[Supplementary Concept] OR "coenzyme Q10"[All Fields] OR "coq10"[All Fields]) AND ("dietary supplements"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dietary"[All Fields] AND "supplements"[All Fields]) OR "dietary supplements"[All Fields] OR "supplementation"[All Fields])) AND (("2000/01/31"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	13	4

PubMed Author Search of 23107655
Date of Search 1/28/2015
 

Search Terms	Hits	Abstracts to Rev
La Rovere MT[Author] AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	68
La Rovere MT[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	48	1
Staszewsky L[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	11	1
Barlera S[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	29	2
Maestri R[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	48	1
Mezzani A[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	26	1 exercise 1
Midi P[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	4	1
Marchioli R[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	18	4
Maggioni AP[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (fatty acid[All Fields] OR fatty acidaemia[All Fields] OR fatty acide[All Fields] OR fatty acidemia[All Fields] OR fatty acidemic[All Fields] OR fatty acides[All Fields] OR fatty acidic[All Fields] OR fatty acidity[All Fields] OR fatty acids[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	10	3
Tognoni G[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	54	3
Tavazzi L[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (fatty acid[All Fields] OR fatty acidaemia[All Fields] OR fatty acide[All Fields] OR fatty acidemia[All Fields] OR fatty acidemic[All Fields] OR fatty acides[All Fields] OR fatty acidic[All Fields] OR fatty acidity[All Fields] OR fatty acids[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	14	4
Latini R[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	66	4
("ubiquinone"[MeSH Terms] OR "ubiquinone"[All Fields]) AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	30	8
Langsjoen PH[Author] AND ("heart failure"[MeSH Terms] OR ("heart"[All Fields] AND "failure"[All Fields]) OR "heart failure"[All Fields]) AND (("2000/01/01"[PDAT] : "2014/12/31"[PDAT]) AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND English[lang] AND "adult"[MeSH Terms])	2	0

 

List of Included Articles  

Coenzyme Q10

Keogh A, Fenton S, Leslie C, Aboyoun C, Macdonald P, Zhao YC, Bailey M, Rosenfeldt F. Randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q, therapy in class II and class III systolic heart failure. Heart Lung Circ. 2003; 12(3): 135-141.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Kojuri J, Ostovan MA, Rezaian GR, Archin Dialameh P, Zamiri N, Sharifkazemi MB, Jannati M. Effect of omega-3 on brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiographic findings in heart failure: double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2013; 4(1): 20-24.

Masson S, Marchioli R, Mozaffarian D, Bernasconi R, Milani V, Dragani L, Tacconi M, Marfisi RM, Borgese L, Cirrincione V, Febo O, Nicolis E, Maggioni AP, Tognoni G, Tavazzi L, Latini R. Plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in chronic heart failure in the GISSI-Heart Failure Trial: relation with fish intake, circulating biomarkers, and mortality. Am Heart J. 2013; 165(2): 208-215.

Nodari S, Triggiani M, Campia U, Manerba A, Milesi G, Cesana BM, Gheorghiade M, Dei Cas L. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on left ventricular function and functional capacity in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 57(7): 870-879. 

Zhao YT, Shao L, Teng LL, Hu B, Luo Y, Yu X, Zhang DF, Zhang H. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid therapy on plasma inflammatory markers and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. J Int Med Res. 2009; 37(6): 1831-1841.

Vitamin D

Schroten NF, Ruifrok WP, Kleijn L, Dokter MM, Sillje HH, Lambers Heerspink HJ, Bakker SJ, Kema IP, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ, Hillege HL, de Boer RA. Short-term vitamin D₃ supplementation lowers plasma renin activity in patients with stable chronic heart failure: an open-label, blinded end point, randomized prospective trial (VitD-CHF trial). Am Heart J. 2013; 166(2): 357-364.

 

Included Articles 2007

Coenzyme Q10

Berman M, Erman A, Ben-Gal T, Dvir D, Georghiou GP, Stamler A, Vered Y, Vidne BA, Aravot D. Coenzyme Q10 in patients with end-stage heart failure awaiting cardiac transplantation: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clin Cardiol. 2004; 27: 295-299.

Khatta M, Alexander BS, Krichten CM, Fisher ML, Freudenberger R, Robinson SW, Gottlieb SS. The effect of coenzyme Q10 in patients with congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med. 2000, 132: 636-640.

Articles Considered, but Excluded

List of Excluded Articles with Reason 

Reference	Reason Excluded
Adarsh K, Kaur H, Mohan V. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in isolated diastolic heart failure in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Biofactors. 2008; 32(1-4): 145-149.	No LVEF reported.
Amin A, Minaee S, Chitsazan M, Naderi N, Taghavi S, Ardeshiri M. Can vitamin D supplementation improve the severity of congestive heart failure? Congest Heart Fail. 2013; 19(4): E22-E28.	Study population age range does not meet inclusion criteria.
Belardinelli R, Mucaj A, Lacalaprice F, Solenghi M, Seddaiu G, Principi F, Tiano L, Littarru GP. Coenzyme Q10 and exercise training in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27(22): 2675-2681.	Does not meet minimum sample size.
Belardinelli R, Mucaj A, Lacalaprice F, Solenghi M, Principi F, Tiano L, Littarru GP. Coenzyme Q10 improves contractility of dysfunctional myocardium in chronic heart failure. Biofactors. 2005; 25(1-4): 137-145.	Study did not focus on outcomes of interest.
Eschen O, Christensen JH, LA Rovere MT, Romano P, Sala P, Schmidt EB. Effects of marine n-3 fatty acids on circulating levels of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2010; 56(1): 45-51.	Study did not focus on outcomes of interest.
Fotino AD, Thompson-Paul AM, Bazzano LA. Effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on heart failure: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013; 97(2): 268-275.	Meta analysis.
Fumagalli S, Fattirolli F, Guarducci L, Cellai T, Baldasseroni S, Tarantini F, Di Bari M, Masotti G, Marchionni N. Coenzyme Q10 terclatrate and creatine in chronic heart failure: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Clin Cardiol. 2011; 34(4): 211-217.	Combined supplementation.
Ghio S, Scelsi L, Latini R, Masson S, Eleuteri E, Palvarini M, Vriz O, Pasotti M, Gorini M, Marchioli R, Maggioni A, Tavazzi L, GISSI-HF Investigators. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and of rosuvastatin on left ventricular function in chronic heart failure: a substudy of GISSI-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010; 12(12): 1345-1353.	Part of study population has LVEF higher than 40%.
Gotsman I, Shauer A, Zwas DR, Hellman Y, Keren A, Lotan C, Admon D. Vitamin D deficiency is a predictor of reduced survival in patients with heart failure; vitamin D supplementation improves outcome. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012; 14(4): 357-366.	Unclear population and LVEF.
Kotwal S, Jun M, Sullivan D, Perkovic V, Neal B. Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2012; 5(6): 808-818.	Systematic review and meta analysis.
La Rovere MT, Staszewsky L, Barlera S, Maestri R, Mezzani A, Midi P, Marchioli R, Maggioni AP, Tognoni G, Tavazzi L, Latini R, GISSI-HF Investigators. n-3 PUFA and Holter-derived autonomic variables in patients with heart failure: data from the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Insufficienza Cardiaca (GISSI-HF) Holter substudy. Heart Rhythm. 2013; 10(2): 226-232.	Study did not focus on outcomes of interest.
Marchioli R, Levantesi G, Silletta MG, Barlera S, Bernardinangeli M, Carbonieri E, Cosmi F, Franzosi MG, Latini R, Lucci D, Maggioni AP, Moretti L, Nicolosi GL, Porcu M, Rossi MG, Tognoni G, Tavazzi L, GISSI-HF Investigators. Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and rosuvastatin in patients with heart failure: results of the GISSI-HF trial. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2009; 7(7): 735-748.	LVEF higher than 40% in 9.5% of the study population.
Moertl D, Berger R, Hammer A, Hutuleac R, Koppensteiner R, Kopp CW, Steiner S. Dose-dependent decrease of platelet activation and tissue factor by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. Thromb Haemost. 2011; 106(3): 457-465.	Same study population as included in Moertl et al 2011 article.
Moertl D, Hammer A, Steiner S, Hutuleac R, Vonbank K, Berger R. Dose-dependent effects of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids on systolic left ventricular function, endothelial function, and markers of inflammation in chronic heart failure of nonischemic origin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-arm study. Am Heart J. 2011; 161(5): 915.e1-9.	Study did not focus on outcomes of interest.
Nguyen T, Valentine R, Brand J, Welborn TL. In adults with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions (systolic heart failure), does coenzyme Q10 improve cardiac function or patient outcomes? J Okla State Med Assoc. 2013; 106(1): 9-10.	Review article.
Nodari S, Triggiani M, Manerba A, Milesi G, Dei Cas L. Effects of supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with heart failure. Intern Emerg Med. 2011; 6 Suppl 1: 37-44.	Review article.
Schleithoff SS, Zittermann A, Tenderich G, Berthold HK, Stehle P, Koerfer R. Vitamin D supplementation improves cytokine profiles in patients with congestive heart failure: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83(4): 754-759.	24% dropout rate.
Witham MD, Crighton LJ, Gillespie ND, Struthers AD, McMurdo ME. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on physical function and quality of life in older patients with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Circ Heart Fail. 2010; 3(2): 195-201.	Study does not measure ejection fraction.
Witte KK, Nikitin NP, Parker AC, von Haehling S, Volk HD, Anker SD, Clark AL, Cleland JG. The effect of micronutrient supplementation on quality of life and left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2005; 26(21): 2238-2244.	Combined supplementation.
Zia AA, Komolafe BO, Moten M, Ahokas RA, McGee JE, William Rosenberg E, Bhattacharya SK, Weber KT. Supplemental vitamin D and calcium in the management of African Americans with heart failure having hypovitaminosis D. Am J Med Sci. 2011; 341(2): 113-118.	Combined supplementation.

Excluded Articles 2007

Coenzyme Q10
 

Reference	Reason Excluded
Baggio E, Gandini R, Plancher AC, Passeri M, Carmosino G. Italian multicenter study on the safety and efficacy of coenzyme Q10 as adjunctive therapy in heart failure. CoQ10 Drug Surveillance Investigators. Molec Aspects Med . 1994; 15 (Suppl): S287-S294.	Published prior to 2000.
Hofman-Bang C, Rehnqvist N, Swedberg K, Wiklund I, Astrom H. Coenzyme Q10 as an adjunctive in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. The Q10 Study Group. J Card Fail. 1995; 1(2): 101-107.	In AHRQ.
Jeejeebhoy F, Keith M, Freeman M, Barr A, McCall M, Kurian R, Mazer D, Errett L. Nutritional supplementation with MyoVive repletes essential cardiac myocyte nutrients and reduces left ventricular size in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J. 2002; 143(6): 1092-1100.	Confounded by taurine and carnitine.
Langsjoen H, Langsjoen P, Langsjoen P, Willis R, Folkers K. Usefulness of coenzyme Q10 in clinical cardiology: a long-term study. Molec Aspects Med. 1994; 15 (Suppl): s165-s175.	Published prior to 2000.
Ma A, Zhang W, Liu Z. Effect of protection and repair of injury of mitochondrial membrane-phospholipid on prognosis in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Blood Pressure. 1995; 5 (Suppl 3): 53-55.	Published prior to 2000.
Morisco C, Nappi A, Argenziano L, Sarno D, Fonatana D, Imbriaco M, Nicolai E, Romano M, Rosiello G, Cuocolo A. Noninvasive evaluation of cardiac hemodynamics during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: effects of short-term coenzyme Q10 treatment. Mol Aspects Med. 1994; 15 Suppl: s155-s163.	Only six subjects.
Munkholm H, Hansen HH, Rasmussen K. Coenzyme Q10 treatment in serious heart failure. Biofactors. 1999; 9(2-4): 285-289.	Published prior to 2000.
Sacher HL, Sacher ML, Landau SW, Kersten R, Dooley F, Sacher A, Sacher M, Dietrick K, Ichkhan K. The clinical and hemodynamic effects of coenzyme Q10 in congestivecardiomyopathy. Am J Ther. 1997; 4(2-3): 66-72.	Published prior to 2000.
Shekelle P, Morton S, Hardy M. Effect of supplemental antioxidants vitamin C, vitamin E, and coenzyme Q10 for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 83 (Prepared by Southern California–RAND Evidence Based Practice Center, under Contract No 290-97-0001). AHRQ Publication No. 03-E043. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. July 2003.	Review article.
Sinatra ST. Coenzyme Q10: a vital therapeutic nutrient for the heart with special application in congestive heart failure. Conn Med. 1997; 61(11): 707-711.	Case reports, not strong study design.
Sinatra ST. Refractory congestive heart failure successfully managed with high dose coenzyme Q10 administration. Mol Aspects Med. 1997; 18 Suppl: S299-S305.	Case reports, not strong study design.
Soja AM, Mortensen SA. Treatment of congestive heart failure with coenzyme Q10 illuminated by meta-analyses of clinical trials. Mol Aspects Med. 1997; 18 Suppl: S159-S168.	In AHRQ.

 

Thiamin

Reference	Reason Excluded
Bakker SJ, Leunissen KM. Hypothesis on cellular ATP depletion and adenosine release as causes of heart failure and vasodilatation in cardiovascular beriberi. Med Hypotheses. 1995; 45(3): 265-267.	Hypothesis without supporting data.
Blanc P, Henriette K, Boussuges A. Severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure due to thiamine deficiency. Nutrition. 2002; 18(1): 118.	Case report.
Bloomgarden ZT. The European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(5): 1250-1257.	Conference proceedings.
Bohmer T. How prevalent is thiamin deficiency in heart failure patients? Nutr Rev. 2001; 59(10): 342-344.	Commentary.
Brady JA, Rock CL, Horneffer MR. Thiamin status, diuretic medications, and the management of congestive heart failure. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95(5): 541-544.	No intervention.
Constant J. The alcoholic cardiomyopathies--genuine and pseudo. Cardiology. 1999; 91(2): 92-95.	Review.
da Cunha S, Albanesi Filho FM, da Cunha Bastos VL, Antelo DS, Souza MM. Thiamin, selenium, and copper levels in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy taking diuretics. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2002; 79(5): 454-465.	No intervention, just noted deficiency and correlated with cardiac function.
Di Rocco M, Patrini C, Rimini A, Rindi G. A 6-month-old girl with cardiomyopathy who nearly died. Lancet. 1997; 349 (9052): 616.	Case report.
Diltoer MW, Troubleyn J, Lauwers R, De Wijngaard S, Vercammen MJ, Hubloue I, Huyghens LP. Ketosis and cardiac failure: common signs of a single condition. Eur J Emerg Med. 2004; 11(3): 172-175.	Case report.
Gennery AR, Bartlett K, Hasan A. Thiamine deficiency mimicking acute rejection following cardiac transplantation. Cardiol Young. 1998; 8(1): 113-115.	Case report.
Gritli S, Omar S, Tartaglini E, Guannouni S, Fleming JC, Steinkamp MP, Berul CI, Hafsia R, Jilani SB, Belhani A, Hamdi M, Neufeld EJ. A novel mutation in the SLC19A2 gene in a Tunisian family with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia, diabetes and deafness syndrome. Br J Haematol. 2001; 113(2): 508-513.	Case report.
Hardig L, Daae C, Dellborg M, Kontny F, Bohmer T. Reduced thiamine phosphate, but not thiamine diphosphate, in erythrocytes in elderly patients with congestive heart failure treated with furosemide. J Intern Med. 2000; 247(5): 597-600.	No intervention.
Ito M, Tanabe Y, Suzuki K, Kumakura M, Aizawa Y. Shoshin beriberi with vasospastic angina pectoris possible mechanism of mid-ventricular obstruction: possible mechanism of mid-ventricular obstruction. Circ J. 2002; 66(11): 1070-1072.	Case report.
Leslie D, Gheorghiade M. Is there a role for thiamine supplementation in the management of heart failure? Am Heart J. 1996; 131(6): 1248-1250.	Editorial.
Lubetsky A, Winaver J, Seligmann H, Olchovsky D, Almog S, Halkin H, Ezra D. Urinary thiamine excretion in the rat: effects of furosemide, other diuretics, and volume load. J Lab Clin Med. 1999; 134(3): 232-237.	Study in rats.
McLean J, Manchip S. Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by magnesium depletion. Lancet. 1999; 353(9166): 1 768.	Case report.
Mendoza CE, Rodriguez F, Rosenberg DG. Reversal of refractory congestive heart failure after thiamine supplementation: report of a case and review of literature. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2003; 8(4): 313-316.	Case report and review.
No authors listed. Thiamine. Monograph. Altern Med Rev. 2003; 8(1): 59-62.	Review.
Ozawa H, Homma Y, Arisawa H, Fukuuchi F, Handa S. Severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure due to thiamine deficiency. Nutrition. 2001; 17(4): 351-352.	Case report.
Pfitzenmeyer P, Guilland JC, d'Athis PH, Petit-Marnier C, Gaudet M. Thiamine status of elderly patients with cardiac failure including the effects of supplementation. Internat J Vit Nutr Res. 1994; 64: 113-118.	Not addressing thiamin in project update
Prabhu SS, Dalvi BV. Treatable cardiomyopathies. Indian J Pediatr. 2000; 67(3 Suppl): S7-S10.	Review
Rieck J, Halkin H, Almog S, Seligman H, Lubetsky A, Olchovsky D, Ezra D. Urinary loss of thiamine is increased by low doses of furosemide in healthy volunteers. J Lab Clin Med. 1999; 134(3): 238-243.	Only 4 subjects
Saif MW. Is there a role for thiamine in the management of congestive heart failure? South Med J. 2003; 96(1): 114-115.	Letter
Schoppet M, Maisch B. Alcohol and the heart. Herz. 2001; 26(5): 345-352.	Review
Shimon et al, Improved left ventricular function after thiamine supplementation in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy. Am J Med. 1995; 98(5): 485-490.	Not addressing thiamin in project update.
Sinha S, Norell MS, Nanda BS. Cardiac and renal failure in a 38-year-old alcoholic. Postgrad Med J. 1995; 71(835): 293-294.	Case report.
Suter PM, Haller J, Hany A, Vetter W. Diuretic use: a risk for subclinical thiamine deficiency in elderly patients. J Nutr Health Aging. 2000; 4(2): 69-71.	Prospective study with 154 hospitalized patients; not specific to CHF; outcomes not those specified in the initial list.
Wilcox CS. Do diuretics cause thiamine deficiency? J Lab Clin Med. 1999; 134(3): 192-193.	Review.
Yue QY, Beermann B, Lindstrom B, Nyquist O. No difference in blood thiamine diphosphate levels between Swedish Caucasian patients with congestive heart failure treated with furosemide and patients without heart failure. J Intern Med. 1997; 242(6): 491-495.	No intervention.
Zenuk C, Healey J, Donnelly J, Vaillancourt R, Almalki Y, Smith S. Thiamine deficiency in congestive heart failure patients receiving long- term furosemide therapy. Can J Clin Pharmacol. 2003; 10(4): 184-188.	Measuring thiamine deficiency, not repleting thiamine.

 

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Search Methods and Results

Identification

Articles Identified Through Database Searching: 1218
Additional Articles Identified Through Other Sources: 44

Screening

Articles Screened After Removing Duplicates: 1166
Articles Excluded During the Screening Process: 1137

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Full-text Articles Assessed for Eligibility: 70
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Included

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