• Intervention
    (2010) In adults, are there any adverse effects when consuming plant stanols and sterols?
    • Conclusion

      Consumption of plant stanols and sterols was not associated with adverse effects that were investigated in a total of 28 studies. Seventeen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated effective serum cholesterol-lowering benefits without any reported adverse effects, including no significant effect on fat soluble vitamin status. Very limited data suggest otherwise. Two other RCTs reported lowering of carotenoid levels. Although three of six observational studies report a possible association between plasma or tissue sterol levels and increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), the short-term RCTs do not indicate negative effects on vascular function. 

    • Grade: II
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.