HF: References (2017)
References used in this guideline are listed within each recommendation, see the Major Recommendations section.
To view references included and excluded from this evidence analysis, view the Criteria and Results for Specific Topics.
Medical Nutrition Therapy
HF: Medical Nutrition Therapy
Arcand JL, Brazel S, Joliffe C, et al, Education by a dietitian in patients with heart failure results in improved adherence with a sodium-restricted diet: A randomized trial. Am Heart J. 2005; 150: 716e1-716e5.
Donner Alves F, Correa Souza G, Brunetto S, Schweigert Perry ID, Biolo A. Nutritional orientation, knowledge and quality of diet in heart failure: randomized clinical trial. Nutr Hosp. 2012; 27 (2): 441-448.
Kugler C, Malehsa D, Schrader E, Tegtbur U, Guetzlaff E, Haverich A, Strueber M. A multi-modal intervention in management of left ventricular assist device outpatients: dietary counselling, controlled exercise and psychosocial support. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012; 42 (6): 1,026-1,032.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
Nutrition Assessment
HF: Nutrition Assessment
None.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
HF: Assessment of Energy Needs
Aquilani R, Opasich C, Verri M, Boschi F, Febo O, Pasini E, Pastoris O. Is Nutritional Intake Adequate in Chronic Heart Failure Patients? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003, 42 (7): 1,218-1,223.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Herrmann SD, Meckes N, Bassett DR Jr, Tudor-Locke C, Greer JL, Vezina J, Whitt-Glover MC, Leon AS. 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities: A second update of codes and MET values. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011; 43(8): 1, 575-1, 581.
Otten JJ, Hellwig JP, Meyers LD, editors. Institute of Medicine/National Academy of Sciences. Dietary DRI Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements, 2006. Accessed at http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI/Essential_Guide/DRIEssentialGuideNutReq.pdf.
Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report, 2008. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008.
Yost G, Gregory M, Bhat G. Nutrition assessment with indirect calorimetry in patients evaluated for left ventricular assist device implantation. Nutr Clin Pract 2015;30(5):690-7.
Nutrition Intervention
HF: Energy and Protein Intake
Aquilani R, Opasich C, Gualco A, Verri M, Testa A, Pasini E, Viglio S, Iadarola P, Pastoris O, Dossena M, Boschi F. Adequate energy-protein intake is not enough to improve nutritional and metabolic status in muscle-depleted patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2008;10(11):1127-35.
Aquilani R, Opasich C, Verri M, Boschi F, Febo O, Pasini E, Pastoris O. Is Nutritional Intake Adequate in Chronic Heart Failure Patients? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003, 42 (7): 1,218-1,223.
Arcand JL, Brazel S, Joliffe C, et al, Education by a dietitian in patients with heart failure results in improved adherence with a sodium-restricted diet: A randomized trial. Am Heart J. 2005; 150: 716e1-716e5.
Donner Alves F, Correa Souza G, Brunetto S, Schweigert Perry ID, Biolo A. Nutritional orientation, knowledge and quality of diet in heart failure: randomized clinical trial. Nutr Hosp. 2012; 27 (2): 441-448.
Kugler C, Malehsa D, Schrader E, Tegtbur U, Guetzlaff E, Haverich A, Strueber M. A multi-modal intervention in management of left ventricular assist device outpatients: dietary counselling, controlled exercise and psychosocial support. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012; 42 (6): 1,026-1,032.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Deswal A, Dunbar SB, Francis GS, Horwich T, Jessup M, Kosiborod M, Pritchett AM, Ramasubbu K, Rosendorff C, Yancy C; American Heart Association Heart Failure and Transplantation Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Hypertension; and Council on Quality and Outcomes Research. Contributory Risk and Management of Comorbidities of Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, and Metabolic Syndrome in Chronic Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;134(23):e535-e578.
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
HF: Sodium and Fluid Intake
Arcand J, Ivanov J, Sasson A, Floras V, Al-Hesayen A, Azevedo ER, Mak S, Allard JP, Newton GE. A high-sodium diet is associated with acute decompensated heart failure in ambulatory heart failure patients: a prospective follow-up study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011; 93 (2): 332-337.
Son YJ, Lee Y, Song EK. Adherence to a sodium-restricted diet is associated with lower symptom burden and longer cardiac event-free survival in patients with heart failure. J Clin Nurs. 2011; 20 (21-22): 3,029-3,038.
Spaderna H, Zahn D, Pretsch J, Connor SL, Zittermann A, Schulze Schleithoff S, Bramstedt KA, Smits JM, Weidner G. Dietary habits are related to outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure awaiting heart transplantation. J Card Fail. 2013; 19 (4): 240-250.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Cooper HA, Exner DV, Domanski MJ. Light to moderate alcohol consumption and prognosis in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35:1753-9.
Fernandez-Sola J, Estruch R, Nicolas J, Pare J, Saconella E, Antunez E, Urbano-Marquez A. Comparison of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in women versus men. Am J Cardiol 1997;80:c481-5.
Gavazzi A, De Maria R, Parolini M, Porcu M. Alcohol abuse and dilated cardiomyopathy in men. Am J Cardiol 2000;85:1114-8.
Salisbury AC, House JA, Conard MW, Krumholz HM, Spertus JA. Low to moderate alcohol intake and health status in heart failure patients. J Cardiac Failure 2005;11(5):323-8.
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
HF: Physical Activity
None.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JG, Coats AJ, Falk V, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Harjola VP, Jankowska EA, Jessup M, Linde C, Nihoyannopoulos P, Parissis JT, Pieske B, Riley JP, Rosano GM, Ruilope LM, Ruschitzka F, Rutten FH, van der Meer P, on behalf of the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2016; May 20.
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
HF: Educate on Self-Care
None.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
HF: Coordination of Care
Berman M, Erman A, Ben-Gal T, Dvir D, Georghiou GP, Stamler A, Vered Y, Vidne BA, Aravot D. Coenzyme Q10 in patients with end-stage heart failure awaiting cardiac transplantation: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clin Cardiol. 2004, 27: 295-299.
Keogh A, Fenton S, Leslie C, Aboyoun C, Macdonald P, Zhao YC, Bailey M, Rosenfeldt F. Randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q, therapy in class II and class III systolic heart failure. Heart Lung Circ 2003;12(3):135-41.
Khatta M, Alexander BS, Krichten CM, Fisher ML, Freudenberger R, Robinson SW, Gottlieb SS. The effect of coenzyme Q10 in patients with congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med. 2000,132: 636-640.
Kojuri J, Ostovan MA, Rezaian GR, Archin Dialameh P, Zamiri N, Sharifkazemi MB, Jannati M. Effect of omega-3 on brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiographic findings in heart failure: double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2013;4(1):20-4.
Masson S, Marchioli R, Mozaffarian D, Bernasconi R, Milani V, Dragani L, Tacconi M, Marfisi RM, Borgese L, Cirrincione V, Febo O, Nicolis E, Maggioni AP, Tognoni G, Tavazzi L, Latini R. Plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in chronic heart failure in the GISSI-Heart Failure Trial: relation with fish intake, circulating biomarkers, and mortality. Am Heart J 2013;165(2):208-15.
Nodari S, Triggiani M, Campia U, Manerba A, Milesi G, Cesana BM, Gheorghiade M, Dei Cas L. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on left ventricular function and functional capacity in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57(7):870-9.
Schroten NF, Ruifrok WP, Kleijn L, Dokter MM, Sillje HH, Lambers Heerspink HJ, Bakker SJ, Kema IP, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ, Hillege HL, de Boer RA. Short-term vitamin D3 supplementation lowers plasma renin activity in patients with stable chronic heart failure: an open-label, blinded end point, randomized prospective trial (VitD-CHF trial). Am Heart J 2013;166(2):357-364.
Zhao YT, Shao L, Teng LL, Hu B, Luo Y, Yu X, Zhang DF, Zhang H. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid therapy on plasma inflammatory markers and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. J Int Med Res 2009;37(6):1831-41.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Siscovick DS, Barringer TA, Fretts AM, Wu JH, Lichtenstein AH, Costello RB, Kris-Etherton PM, Jacobson TA, Engler MB, Alger HM, Appel LJ, Mozaffarian D; American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Clinical Cardiology. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (fish oil) supplementation and the prevention of clinical cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017;135(15):e867-e884.
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.
Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation
HF: Monitor and Evaluate Effectiveness of Medical Nutrition Therapy
None.
References not graded in Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride PE, McMurray JJV, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WHW, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;128:e240–e327.