• Assessment
    Is intake of fruits and vegetables related to adiposity in children?
    • Conclusion

      Intake of fruits and vegetables is inversely related to adiposity in children.

    • Grade: II
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
    • Search Plan and Results: Child Nutrition: Fruits and Vegetables 2004
       
    (2005) How might the consumption of carotenoid-rich fruits or vegetables alter plasma carotenoid levels when also consuming sterols?
    • Conclusion

      (2005)

      Preliminary research suggests that consuming one extra carotenoid rich fruit or vegetable per day has been shown to maintain plasma carotenoid levels when also consuming sterol-enriched spreads.

    • Grade: III
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
    How might the consumption of carotenoid-rich fruits or vegetables alter plasma carotenoid levels when also consuming sterols?
    • Conclusion

      Preliminary research suggests that consuming one extra carotenoid rich fruit or vegetable per day has been shown to maintain plasma carotenoid levels when also consuming sterol-enriched spreads.

    • Grade: V
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Intervention
    How effective (in terms of client adherence and weight loss/maintenance) is the promotion of the Dietary Guidelines/Food Guide Pyramid in making more healthy food choices (more fruits and vegetables, lean meats, skim dairy products)?
    • Conclusion
      There is some evidence that adhering to the recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines/Food Guide Pyramid results in healthier intake.  Generally, these studies use existing data and analyze that data using the guidelines.  However, these studies have been conducted with a wide variety of goals and fail to arrive at a common conclusion.  There is a need for studies with more sophisticated designs and more diverse samples. Additionally, studies that specifically utilize the DGs and FGP as intervention tools are needed to determine whether or not the promotion of these guidelines leads to healthier dietary intake.
    • Grade: III
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
    What is the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?
    • Conclusion

      Nine studies report that fruit and vegetable consumption, at a level of five to ten servings per day, results in significant blood pressure reduction.

    • Grade: I
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.