13 publications were reviewed to evaluate micronutrient supplementation for people with HIV infection, including a Cochrane review published in 2005. The authors of the Cochrane review concluded that there was no conclusive evidence to show that micronutrient supplementation effectively reduces morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected adults, but that in children, there is evidence of benefit of vitamin A supplementation. Subsequent research reports that micronutrient deficiencies are common in HIV-infected individuals. Two randomized controlled trials based on adult men and women published since 2005 report increased morbidity and mortality in those not taking vitamin supplementation. In several publications of a randomized controlled trial in HIV-infected pregnant women, multivitamin supplementation improved nutritional status of their infants and children. Further research regarding type, dose and duration of micronutrient supplementation is needed.
