Research neither supports nor refutes the use of oral vitamin E supplementation for improved tolerance to or outcome of treatment in breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. However, some evidence shows that oral supplementation of vitamin E may be beneficial in treating late-effects of radiation therapy treatment. One positive quality RCT found no effectiveness of oral vitamin E on the treatment of chronic RIF resulting from breast cancer treatment as measured by perometer. A study of neutral quality found an effect, but the fibrosis measurement methodology was not validated. Larger PRCTs with validated measures of radiation therapy effect are needed.