Spinal Cord Injury

SCI: Preventing Overweight (2003)

• Assessment
  What are the indications for nutrition care to prevent or treat overweight and obesity in the chronic phase of SCI? (2003)

  • Conclusion

    Weight gain and increase of body fat should be monitored during the chronic phase of SCI for early identification and appropriate nutrition intervention to prevent progression to overweight or obesity and the attending risks for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, functional decline and other problems.

  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: Obesity Prevention in SCI (2003)
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Blackmer J, Marshall S. Obesity and Spinal Cord Injury - An Observational Study. Spinal Cord, 1997; 35: 245-247.
      • Chin DE, Kearns P. Nutrition in the Spinal-Injured Patient. NCP. 1991; 6(6):213-222. 
      • Claus-Walker J, Halstead LS. Metabolic and Endocrine Changes in Spinal Cord Injury: I. The Nervous System Before and After Transection of the Spinal Cord. Arch Phys Med Rehabil.  1981;62:595-601.
      • Cox SAR, Weiss SM, Posuniak EA, Worthington P, Prioleau M, Heffley G. Energy Expenditure after Spinal Cord Injury: Evaluation of Stable Rehabilitating Patients. J Trauma 1985; 25: 419-423.
      • Kocina P. Body Composition of Spinal Cord Injured Adults. Sports Med. 1997;23(1): 48-60.
      • Monroe MB, Tataranni PA, Pratley R, Manore MM, Skinner JS, Ravussin E. Lower Daily Energy Expenditure as Measured by a Respiratory Chamber in Subjects with Spinal Cord Injury Compared with Control Subjects. Am J Clin Nutr, 1998; 68: 1223-1227.
      • Olle MM, Pivarnik JM, Klish WJ, Morrow JR. Body Composition of Sedentary and Physically Active Spinal Cord Injured Individuals Estimated from Total Body Electrical Conductivity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1993; 74: 706-710.
      • Peiffer SC, Blust P, Leyson JF. Nutritional Assessment of the Spinal Cord Injured Patient. J Am Diet Assoc, 1981; 78: 501-505.
      • Tharion G, Prasad KR, Gopalan L, Bhattacharji S. Glucose Intolerance and Dyslipidaemias in Persons with Paraplegia and Tetraplegia in South India. Spinal Cord, 1998; 36: 228-230.