Celiac Disease

CD: References (2009)

CD: Celiac Disease and Medical Nutrition Therapy

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

National Institutes of Health. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Celiac Disease. Available at http: //consensus.nih.gov/2004/2004CeliacDisease118html.htm.

CD: Assessment of Food/Nutrition-Related History

Abrams JA, Diamond B, Rotterdam H, Green PHR. Seronegative celiac disease: increased prevalence with lesser degrees of villous atrophy. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2004; 49 (4): 546-550.

Baudon JJ, Chevalier J, Boccon-Gibod L, Le Bars MA, Johanet C, Cosnes J. Outcome of infants with celiac disease. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2005; 29: 1,097-1,102.

Ciacci C, Cirillo M, Cavallaro R, Mazzacca G. Long-term follow-up of celiac adults on gluten-free diet: prevalence and correlates of intestinal damage. Digestion, 2002; 66 (3): 178-185.

Ciacci C, Iovino P, Amoruso D, Siniscalchi M, Tortora R, Di Gilio A, Fusco M, Mazzacca G. Grown-up celiac children: the effects of only a few years on a gluten-free diet in childhood. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 21 (4): 421-429.

Dickey W, Hughes DF, McMillan SA. Disappearance of endomysial antibodies in treated celiac disease does not indicate histological recovery. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000; 95 (3): 712-714.

Hogberg L, Laurin P, Falth-Magnusson K, Grant C, Grodzinsky E, Jansson G, Ascher H, Browaldh L, Hammersjo JA, Lindberg E, Myrdal U, Stenhammar L. Oats to children with newly diagnosed celiac disease: a randomized double blind study. Gut, 2004; 53: 649-654.

Janatuinen EK, Kemppainen TA, Julkunen RJK, Kosma VM, Maki M, Heikkinen M, Uusitupa MIJ. No harm from five year ingestion of oats in celiac disease. Gut, 2002; 50: 332-335.

Janatuinen EK, Kemppainen TA, Pikkarainen PH, Holm KH, Kosma VM, Uusitupa MIJ, Maki M, Julkunen RJK. Lack of cellular and humoral immunological responses to oats in adults with celiac disease. Gut, 2000; 46: 327-331.

Janatuinen EK, Pikkarainen PH, Kemppainen TA, Kosma VM, Jarvinen RMK, Uusitupa MIJ, Julkunen RJK. A comparison of diets with and without oats in adults with celiac disease. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333: 1,033-1,037.

Kaukinen K, Collin P, Holm K, Rantala I, Vuolteenaho N, Reunala T, Maki M. Wheat starch-containing gluten-free flour products in the treatment of coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. A long-term follow-up study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999; 34: 163-169.

Kaukinen K, Sulkanen S, Maki M, Collin P. IgA-class transglutaminase antibodies in evaluating the efficacy of gluten-free diet in celiac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002; 14 (3): 311-315.

Kemppainen TA, Kosma VM, Janatuinen EK, Julkunen RJ, Pikkarainen PH, Uusitupa MI. Nutritional status of newly diagnosed celiac disease patients before and after the institution of a celiac disease diet - association with the grade of mucosal villous atrophy. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67 (3): 482-487.

Lee SK, Lo W, Memeo L, Rotterdam H, Green PH. Duodenal histology in patients with celiac disease after treatment with a gluten-free diet. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 57 (2): 187-191.

Lohiniemi S, Maki M, Kaukinen K, Laippala P, Collin P. Gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale in coeliac disease patients on wheat starch-based gluten-free diets. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2000; 35: 947-949.

Peraaho M, Kaukinen K, Paasikivi K, Sievanen H, Lohiniemi S, Maki M, Collin P. Wheat-starch-based gluten-free products in the treatment of newly detected coeliac disease: Prospective and randomized study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003; 17: 587-594.

Peraaho M, Kaukinen K, Mustalahti K, Vuolteenaho N, Maki M, Laippala P, Collin P. Effect of an oats-containing gluten-free diet on symptoms and quality of life in celiac disease. A randomized study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004; 39: 27-31.

Selby WS, Painter D, Collins A, Faulkner-Hogg KB, Loblay RH. Persistent mucosal abnormalities in coeliac disease are not related to the ingestion of trace amounts of gluten. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999; 34: 909-914.

Wahab PJ, Meijer JWR, Mulder CJJ. Histologic follow-up of people with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet: slow and incomplete recovery. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002; 118 (3): 459-463.

Benini L, Sembenini C, Salandini L, Dall'O E, Bonfante F, Vantini I. Gastric emptying of realistic meals with and without gluten in patients with celiac disease. Effect of jejunal mucosal recovery. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001; 36 (10): 1,044-1,048.

Casellas F, Lopez Vivancos J, Malagelada JR. Current epidemiology and accessibility to diet compliance in adult celiac disease. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2006; 98 (6): 408-419.

Chiarioni G, Bassotti G, Germani U, Battaglia E, Brentegani MT, Morelli A, Vantini I. Gluten-free diet normalizes mouth-to-cecum transit of a caloric meal in adult patients with celiac disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1997; 42 (10): 2,100-2,105.

Cucchiara S, Bassotti G, Castellucci G, Minella R, Betti C, Fusaro C, Morelli A, Bertotto A, Auricchio S. Upper gastrointestinal motor abnormalities in children with active celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995; 21 (4): 435-442.

Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux esophagitis in adult celiac disease: beneficial effect of gluten-free diet. Gut, 2003; 52: 514-517.

Fine KD, Meyer RL, Lee EL. The prevalence and causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with celiac sprue treated with a gluten-free diet. Gastroenterology, 1997; 112 (6): 1,830-1,838.

Hopper AD, Leeds JS, Hurlstone DP, Hadjivassiliou M, Drew K, Sanders DS. Are lower gastrointestinal investigations necessary in patients with celiac disease? Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005; 17 (6): 617-621.

Midhagen G, Hallert C. High rate of gastrointestinal symptoms in celiac patients living on a gluten-free diet: controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (9): 2,023-2,026.

Murray JA, Watson T, Clearman B, Mitros F. Effect of a gluten-free diet on gastrointestinal symptoms in celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 669-673.

Tursi A, Brandimarte G, Giorgetti G. High prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in celiac patients with persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms after gluten withdrawal. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (4): 839-843.

Usai P, Bassotti G, Usai Satta P, Cherchi MV, Plesa A, Boy F, Morelli A, Balestrieri A. Oesophageal motility in adult celiac disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1995; 7 (4): 239-244.

Viljamaa M, Collin P, Huhtala H, Sievanen H, Maki M, Kaukinen K. Is coeliac disease screening in risk groups justified? A fourteen-year follow-up with special focus on compliance and quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (4): 317-324.

CD: Assessment of Factors Affecting Quality of Life

Ciacci C, Iavarone A, Siniscalchi M, Romano R, De Rosa A. Psychological dimensions of celiac disease: toward an integrated approach. Dig Dis Sci. 2002; 47 (9): 2,082-2,087.

Ciacci C, D'Agate C, De Rosa A, Franzese C, Errichiello S, Gasperi V, Pardi A, Quagliata D, Visentini S, Greco L. Self-rated quality of life in celiac disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2003; 48 (11): 2,216-2,220.

Fera T, Cascio B, Angelini G, Martini S, Guidetti CS. Affective disorders and quality of life in adult celiac disease patients on a gluten-free diet. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003; 15 (12): 1,287-1,292.

Green PHR, Stavropoulos SN, Panagi SG, Goldstein SL, McMahon DJ, Absan H, Neugut AI. Characteristics of adult celiac disease in the USA: results of a national survey. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96 (1): 126-131.

Hallert C, Granno C, Hulten S, Midhagen G, Strom M, Svensson H, Valdimarsson T. Living with celiac disease: controlled study of the burden of illness. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2002; 37: 39-42.

Hallert C, Sandlund O, Broqvist M. Perceptions of health-related quality of life of men and women living with celiac disease. Scand J Caring Sci. 2003; 17 (3): 301-307.

Hallert C, Granno C, Grant C, Hulten S, Midhagen G, Strom M, Svensson H, Valdimarsson T, Wickstrom T. Quality of life of adult celiac patients treated for 10 years. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1998; 33 (9): 933-938.

Johnston SD, Rodgers C, Watson RGP. Quality of life in screen-detected and typical coeliac disease and the effect of excluding dietary gluten. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004; 16 (12): 1,281-1,286.

Lee A, Newman JM. Celiac diet: its impact on quality of life. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003; 103: 1,533-1,535.

Mustalahti K, Lohiniemi S, Collin P, Vuolteenaho N, Laippala P, Maki M. Gluten-free diet and quality of life in patients with screen-detected celiac disease. Eff Clin Pract. 2002; 5 (3): 105-113.

Rashid M, Cranney A, Zarkadas M, Graham ID, Switzer C, Case S, Molloy M, Warren RE, Burrows V, Butzner JD. Celiac disease: evaluation of the diagnosis and dietary compliance in Canadian children. Pediatrics, 2005; 116 (6): e754-e759.

Usai P, Minerba L, Marini B, Cossu R, Spada S, Carpiniello B, Cuomo R, Boy MF. Case control study on health-related quality of life in adult celiac disease. Digest Liver Dis. 2002; 34 (8): 547-552.

Viljamaa M, Collin P, Huhtala H, Sievanen H, Maki M, Kaukinen K. Is coeliac disease screening in risk groups justified? A fourteen-year follow-up with special focus on compliance and quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (4): 317-324.

Zarkadas M, Cranney A, Case S, Molloy M, Switzer C, Graham D, Butzner JD, Rashid M, Warren RE, Burrows V. The impact of a gluten-free diet on adults with celiac disease: results of a national survey. J Hum Nutr Dietet. 2006; 19: 41-49.

Addolorato G, Capristo E, Ghittoni G, Valeri C, Masciana R, Ancona C, Gasbarrini G. Anxiety but not depression decreases in celiac patients after one-year gluten-free diet: a longitudinal study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001; 36: 502-506.

Addolorato G, Di Giuda D, De Rossi G, Valenza V, Domenicali M, Caputo F, Gasbarrini A, Capristo E, Gasbarrini G. Regional cerebral hypoperfusion in patients with celiac disease. Am J Med. 2004; 116: 312-317.

Briani C, Zara G, Toffanin E, Ruggero S, Ferrarini A, De Lazzari F, Luca M, Faggian D, Grassivaro F, Ermani M, Pezzani R, Giometto B, D'Odorico A. Neurological complications of celiac disease and autoimmune mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005; 1,051: 148-155.

Bushara KO, Goebel SU, Shill H, Goldfarb LG, Hallett M. Gluten sensitivity in sporadic and hereditary cerebellar ataxia. Ann Neurol. 2001; 49: 540-543.

Ciacci C, Iavarone A, Mazzacca G, De Rosa A. Depressive symptoms in adult celiac disease. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1998; 33 (3): 247-250.

Cicarelli G, Della Rocca G, Amboni M, Ciacci C, Mazzacca G, Filla A, Barone P. Clinical and neurological abnormalities in adult celiac disease. Neurol Sci. 2003; 24 (5): 311-317.

Gabrielli M, Cremonini F, Fiore G, Addolorato G, Padalino C, Candelli M, De Leo ME, Santarelli L, Giacovazzo M, Gasbarrini G, Pola P, Gasbarrini A. Association between migraine and celiac disease: results from a preliminary case-control and therapeutic study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (3): 625-629.

Hadjivassiliou M, Grunewald RA, Lawden M, Davies-Jones GA, Powell T, Smith CM. Headache and CNS white matter abnormalities associated with gluten sensitivity. Neurology, 2001; 56 (3): 385-388.

Ihara M, Makino F, Sawada H, Mezaki T, Mizutani K, Nakase H, Matsui M, Tomimoto H, Shimohama S. Gluten sensitivity in Japanese patients with adult-onset cerebellar ataxia. Intern Med. 2006; 45 (3): 135-140.

Kieslich M, Errazuriz G, Posselt HG, Moeller-Hartmann W, Zanella F, Boehles H. Brain white-matter lesions in celiac disease: a prospective study of 75 diet-treated patients. Pediatrics, 2001; 108 (2): e21.

Luostarinen L, Himanen S-L, Luostarinen M, Collin P, Pirttila T. Neuromuscular and sensory disturbances in patients with well treated celiac disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003; 74: 490-494.

Pynnonen PA, Isometsa ET, Aronen ET, Verkasalo MA, Savilahti E, Aalberg VA. Mental disorders in adolescents with celiac disease. Psychosomatics, 2004; 45: 325-335.

Siniscalchi M, Iovino P, Tortora R, Forestiero S, Somma A, Capuano L, Franzese MD, Sabbatini F, Ciacci C. Fatigue in adult celiac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (5): 489-494.

Volta U, De Giorgio R, Petrolini N, Stanghellini V, Barbara G, Granito A, De Ponti F, Corinaldesi R, Bianchi FB. Clinical findings and anti-neuronal antibodies in celiac disease with neurological disorders. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2002; 37 (11): 1,276-1,281.

Zelnik N, Pacht A, Obeid R, Lerner A. Range of neurologic disorders in patients with celiac disease. Pediatrics, 2004; 113 (6): 1,672-1,676.

Benini L, Sembenini C, Salandini L, Dall'O E, Bonfante F, Vantini I. Gastric emptying of realistic meals with and without gluten in patients with celiac disease. Effect of jejunal mucosal recovery. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001; 36 (10): 1,044-1,048.

Casellas F, Lopez Vivancos J, Malagelada JR. Current epidemiology and accessibility to diet compliance in adult celiac disease. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2006; 98 (6): 408-419.

Chiarioni G, Bassotti G, Germani U, Battaglia E, Brentegani MT, Morelli A, Vantini I. Gluten-free diet normalizes mouth-to-cecum transit of a caloric meal in adult patients with celiac disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1997; 42 (10): 2,100-2,105.

Cucchiara S, Bassotti G, Castellucci G, Minella R, Betti C, Fusaro C, Morelli A, Bertotto A, Auricchio S. Upper gastrointestinal motor abnormalities in children with active celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995; 21 (4): 435-442.

Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux esophagitis in adult celiac disease: beneficial effect of gluten-free diet. Gut, 2003; 52: 514-517.

Fine KD, Meyer RL, Lee EL. The prevalence and causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with celiac sprue treated with a gluten-free diet. Gastroenterology, 1997; 112 (6): 1,830-1,838.

Hopper AD, Leeds JS, Hurlstone DP, Hadjivassiliou M, Drew K, Sanders DS. Are lower gastrointestinal investigations necessary in patients with celiac disease? Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005; 17 (6): 617-621.

Midhagen G, Hallert C. High rate of gastrointestinal symptoms in celiac patients living on a gluten-free diet: controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (9): 2,023-2,026.

Murray JA, Watson T, Clearman B, Mitros F. Effect of a gluten-free diet on gastrointestinal symptoms in celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 669-673.

Tursi A, Brandimarte G, Giorgetti G. High prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in celiac patients with persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms after gluten withdrawal. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (4): 839-843.

Usai P, Bassotti G, Usai Satta P, Cherchi MV, Plesa A, Boy F, Morelli A, Balestrieri A. Oesophageal motility in adult celiac disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1995; 7 (4): 239-244.

Viljamaa M, Collin P, Huhtala H, Sievanen H, Maki M, Kaukinen K. Is coeliac disease screening in risk groups justified? A fourteen-year follow-up with special focus on compliance and quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (4): 317-324.

 

CD: Bone Density Screening

Bai JC, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Mazure R, Pedreira S, Vazquez H, Smecuol E, Siccardi A, Cataldi M, Niveloni S, Boerr LA, Maurino E. Long-term effect of gluten restriction on bone mineral density of patients with celiac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1997; 11: 157-164.

Bardella MT, Fredella C, Prampolini L, Molteni N, Giunta AM, Bianchi PA. Body composition and dietary intakes in adult celiac disease patients consuming a strict gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72: 937-939.

Barera G, Beccio S, Proverbio MC, Mora S. Longitudinal changes in bone metabolism and bone mineral content in children with celiac disease during consumption of a gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 148-154.

Carbone MC, Pitzalis G, Ferri M, Nenna R, Thanasi E, Andreoli A, De Lorenzo A, Bonamico M. Body composition in coeliac disease adolescents on a gluten-free diet: a longitudinal study. Acta Diabetol. 2003; 40: S171-S173.

Ciacci C, Maurelli L, Klain M, Savino G, Salvatore M, Mazzacca G, Cirillo M. Effect of dietary treatment on bone mineral density in adults with celiac disease: factors predicting response. Am J Gastroenterology. 1997; 92 (6): 992-996.

Corazza GR, Di Sario A, Cecchetti L, Tarozzi C, Corrao G, Bernardi M, Gasbarrini G. Bone mass and metabolism in patients with celiac disease. Gastroenterology. 1995; 109 (1): 122-128.

Corazza GR, Di Sario A, Cecchetti L, Jorizzo RA, Di Stefano M, Minguzzi L, Brusco G, Bernardi M, Gasbarrini G. Influence of pattern of clinical presentation and of gluten-free diet on bone mass and metabolism in adult celiac disease. Bone, 1996; 18 (6): 525-530.

De Lorenzo A, Di Campli C, Andreoli A, Sasso GF, Bonamico M, Gasbarrini A. Assessment of body composition by bioelectrical impedance in adolescent patients with celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Oct; 94 (10): 2,951-2,955.

Hartman C, Hino B, Lerner A, Eshach-Adiv O, Berkowitz D, Shaoul R, Pacht A, Rozenthal E, Tamir A, Shamaly H, Shamir R. Bone quantitative ultrasound and bone mineral density in children with celiac disease. JPGN. 2004; 39: 504-510.

Kalayci AG, Kansu A, Girgin N, Kucuk O, Aras G. Bone mineral density and importance of a gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease in childhood. Pediatrics, 2001; 108 (5): E89.

Kavak US, Yuce A, Kocak N, Demir H, Saltik IN, Gurakan F, Ozen H. Bone mineral density in children with untreated and treated celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Oct; 37 (4): 434-436.

Kemppainen T, Kroger H, Janatuinen E, Arnala I, Lamberg-Allardt C, Karkkainen M, Kosma VM, Julkunen R, Jurvelin J, Alhava E, Uusitupa M. Bone recovery after a gluten-free diet: a 5-year follow-up study. Bone, 1999; 25: 355-360.

McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Reeves DE, Morgan LM, Robertson DAF. Osteoporosis in treated adult celiac disease. Gut, 1995; 36: 710-714.

McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Robertson DAF. Effect of a gluten-free diet on osteopenia in adults with newly diagnosed celiac disease. Gut, 1996; 39: 180-184.

Molteni N, Bardella MT, Vezzoli G, Pozzoli E, Bianchi P. Intestinal calcium absorption as shown by stable strontium test in celiac disease before and after gluten-free diet. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995; 90: 2,025-2,028.

Mora S, Barera G, Ricotti A, Weber G, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. Reversal of low bone density with a gluten-free diet in children and adolescents with celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67: 477-481.

Mora S, Barera G, Beccio S, Proverbio MC, Weber G, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. Bone density and bone metabolism are normal after long-term gluten-free diet in young celiac patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999; 94: 398-403.

Mora S, Barera G, Beccio S, Menni L, Proverbio MC, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. A prospective, longitudinal study of the long-term effect of treatment on bone density in children with celiac disease. J Pediatr. 2001; 139: 516-521.

O'Leary C, Wieneke P, Healy M, Cronin C, O'Regan P, Shanahan F. Celiac disease and the transition from childhood to adulthood: a 28-year follow up. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99: 2,437-2,441.

Pazianas M, Butcher GP, Subhani JM, Finch PJ, Ang L, Collins C, Heaney RP, Zaidi M, Maxwell JD. Calcium absorption and bone mineral density in celiacs after long term treatment with gluten-free diet and adequate calcium intake. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16 (1): 56-63.

Pistorius LR, Sweidan WH, Purdie DW, Steel SA, Howey S, Bennett JR, Sutton DR. Celiac disease and bone mineral density in adult female patients. Gut, 1995; 37: 639-642.

Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, Di Toro A, Iovene A, Collini R, Rea L, Sessa G. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. J of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 1996; 23: 408-412.

Sategna-Guidetti C, Grosso SB, Grosso S, Mengozzi G, Aimo G, Zaccaria T, Di Stefano M, Isaia GC. The effects of 1-year gluten withdrawal on bone mass, bone metabolism and nutritional status in newly diagnosed adult celiac disease patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000; 14: 35-43.

Scotta MS, Salvatore S, Salvatoni A, De Amici M, Ghiringhelli D, Broggini M, Nespoli L. Bone mineralization and body composition in young patients with celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 Aug; 92 (8): 1,331-1,334.

Sdepanian VL, de Miranda Carvalho CN, de Morais MB, Colugnati FAB, Fagundes-Neto U. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in children and adolescents with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet in Sao Paulo, Brazil. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Nov; 37 (5): 571-576.

Szathmari M, Tulassay T, Arato A, Bodanszky H, Szabo A, Tulassay Z. Bone mineral content and density in asymptomatic children with coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001; 13 (4): 419-424.

Tau C, Mautalen C, De Rosa S, Roca A, Valenzuela X. Bone mineral density in children with celiac disease. Effect of a gluten-free diet. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006; 60: 358-363.

Valdimarsson T, Lofman O, Toss G, Strom M. Reversal of osteopenia with diet in adult celiac disease. Gut, 1996; 38: 322-327.

Valdimarsson T, Toss G, Lofman O, Strom M. Three years' follow-up of bone density in adult coeliac disease: significance of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2000; 35 (3): 274-280.

Vazquez H, Mazure R, Gonzalez D, Flores D, Pedreira S, Niveloni S, Smecuol E, Maurino E, Bai JC. Risk of fractures in celiac disease patients: a cross-sectional, case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000; 95 (1): 183-189.

Viljamaa M, Collin P, Huhtala H, Sievanen H, Maki M, Kaukinen K. Is coeliac disease screening in risk groups justified? A fourteen-year follow-up with special focus on compliance and quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (4): 317-324.

Walters JR, Banks LM, Butcher GP, Fowler CR. Detection of low bone mineral density by dual energy x ray absorptiometry in unsuspected suboptimally treated celiac disease. Gut, 1995; 37 (2): 220-224.

CD: Assessment of Biochemical Data and Results of Medical Procedures

Annibale B, Severi C, Chistolini A, Antonelli G, Lahner E, Marcheggiano A, Iannoni C, Monarca B, Delle Fave G. Efficacy of gluten-free diet alone on recovery from iron deficiency anemia in adult celiac patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96: 132-137.

Kapur G, Patwari AK, Narayan S, Anand VK. Iron supplementation in children with celiac disease. Indian J Pediatr. 2003; 70 (12): 955-958.

Masjedizadeh R, Hajiani E, Hashemi J, Shayesteh AA, Moula K, Rajabi T. Celiac disease in South-West of Iran. World J Gastroenterol. 2006; 12 (27): 4,416-4,419.

Mitchell RMS and Robinson TJ. Monitoring dietary compliance in coeliac disease using red cell distribution width. Int J Clin Pract. 2002; 56 (4): 249-250.

O'Leary C, Wieneke P, Healy M, Cronin C, O'Regan P, Shanahan F. Celiac disease and the transition from childhood to adulthood: a 28-year follow up. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99: 2,437-2,441.

Patwari AK, Anand VK, Kapur G, Narayan S. Clinical and nutritional profile of children with celiac disease. Indian Pediatr. 2003 Apr; 40 (4): 337-342.

Poddar U, Thapa BR, Singh K. Clinical features of celiac disease in Indian children: are they different from the west? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006; 43 (3): 313-317.

Rashid M, Cranney A, Zarkadas M, Graham ID, Switzer C, Case S, Molloy M, Warren RE, Burrows V, Butzner JD. Celiac disease: evaluation of the diagnosis and dietary compliance in Canadian children. Pediatrics, 2005; 116 (6): e754-e759.

Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, Di Toro A, Iovene A, Collini R, Rea L, Sessa G. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. J of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 1996; 23: 408-412.

Abrams JA, Diamond B, Rotterdam H, Green PHR. Seronegative celiac disease: increased prevalence with lesser degrees of villous atrophy. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2004; 49 (4): 546-550.

Baudon JJ, Chevalier J, Boccon-Gibod L, Le Bars MA, Johanet C, Cosnes J. Outcome of infants with celiac disease. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2005; 29: 1,097-1,102.

Ciacci C, Cirillo M, Cavallaro R, Mazzacca G. Long-term follow-up of celiac adults on gluten-free diet: prevalence and correlates of intestinal damage. Digestion, 2002; 66 (3): 178-185.

Ciacci C, Iovino P, Amoruso D, Siniscalchi M, Tortora R, Di Gilio A, Fusco M, Mazzacca G. Grown-up celiac children: the effects of only a few years on a gluten-free diet in childhood. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 21 (4): 421-429.

Dickey W, Hughes DF, McMillan SA. Disappearance of endomysial antibodies in treated celiac disease does not indicate histological recovery. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000; 95 (3): 712-714.

Hogberg L, Laurin P, Falth-Magnusson K, Grant C, Grodzinsky E, Jansson G, Ascher H, Browaldh L, Hammersjo JA, Lindberg E, Myrdal U, Stenhammar L. Oats to children with newly diagnosed celiac disease: a randomized double blind study. Gut, 2004; 53: 649-654.

Janatuinen EK, Kemppainen TA, Julkunen RJK, Kosma VM, Maki M, Heikkinen M, Uusitupa MIJ. No harm from five year ingestion of oats in celiac disease. Gut, 2002; 50: 332-335.

Janatuinen EK, Kemppainen TA, Pikkarainen PH, Holm KH, Kosma VM, Uusitupa MIJ, Maki M, Julkunen RJK. Lack of cellular and humoral immunological responses to oats in adults with celiac disease. Gut, 2000; 46: 327-331.

Janatuinen EK, Pikkarainen PH, Kemppainen TA, Kosma VM, Jarvinen RMK, Uusitupa MIJ, Julkunen RJK. A comparison of diets with and without oats in adults with celiac disease. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333: 1,033-1,037.

Kaukinen K, Collin P, Holm K, Rantala I, Vuolteenaho N, Reunala T, Maki M. Wheat starch-containing gluten-free flour products in the treatment of coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. A long-term follow-up study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999; 34: 163-169.

Kaukinen K, Sulkanen S, Maki M, Collin P. IgA-class transglutaminase antibodies in evaluating the efficacy of gluten-free diet in celiac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002; 14 (3): 311-315.

Kemppainen TA, Kosma VM, Janatuinen EK, Julkunen RJ, Pikkarainen PH, Uusitupa MI. Nutritional status of newly diagnosed celiac disease patients before and after the institution of a celiac disease diet - association with the grade of mucosal villous atrophy. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67 (3): 482-487.

Lee SK, Lo W, Memeo L, Rotterdam H, Green PH. Duodenal histology in patients with celiac disease after treatment with a gluten-free diet. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 57 (2): 187-191.

Lohiniemi S, Maki M, Kaukinen K, Laippala P, Collin P. Gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale in coeliac disease patients on wheat starch-based gluten-free diets. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2000; 35: 947-949.

Peraaho M, Kaukinen K, Paasikivi K, Sievanen H, Lohiniemi S, Maki M, Collin P. Wheat-starch-based gluten-free products in the treatment of newly detected coeliac disease: Prospective and randomized study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003; 17: 587-594.

Peraaho M, Kaukinen K, Mustalahti K, Vuolteenaho N, Maki M, Laippala P, Collin P. Effect of an oats-containing gluten-free diet on symptoms and quality of life in celiac disease. A randomized study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004; 39: 27-31.

Selby WS, Painter D, Collins A, Faulkner-Hogg KB, Loblay RH. Persistent mucosal abnormalities in coeliac disease are not related to the ingestion of trace amounts of gluten. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999; 34: 909-914.

Wahab PJ, Meijer JWR, Mulder CJJ. Histologic follow-up of people with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet: slow and incomplete recovery. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002; 118 (3): 459-463.

CD: Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Benini L, Sembenini C, Salandini L, Dall'O E, Bonfante F, Vantini I. Gastric emptying of realistic meals with and without gluten in patients with celiac disease. Effect of jejunal mucosal recovery. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001; 36 (10): 1,044-1,048.

Casellas F, Lopez Vivancos J, Malagelada JR. Current epidemiology and accessibility to diet compliance in adult celiac disease. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2006; 98 (6): 408-419.

Chiarioni G, Bassotti G, Germani U, Battaglia E, Brentegani MT, Morelli A, Vantini I. Gluten-free diet normalizes mouth-to-cecum transit of a caloric meal in adult patients with celiac disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1997; 42 (10): 2,100-2,105.

Cucchiara S, Bassotti G, Castellucci G, Minella R, Betti C, Fusaro C, Morelli A, Bertotto A, Auricchio S. Upper gastrointestinal motor abnormalities in children with active celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995; 21 (4): 435-442.

Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux esophagitis in adult celiac disease: beneficial effect of gluten-free diet. Gut, 2003; 52: 514-517.

Fine KD, Meyer RL, Lee EL. The prevalence and causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with celiac sprue treated with a gluten-free diet. Gastroenterology, 1997; 112 (6): 1,830-1,838.

Hopper AD, Leeds JS, Hurlstone DP, Hadjivassiliou M, Drew K, Sanders DS. Are lower gastrointestinal investigations necessary in patients with celiac disease? Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005; 17 (6): 617-21.

Midhagen G, Hallert C. High rate of gastrointestinal symptoms in celiac patients living on a gluten-free diet: controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (9): 2,023-2,026.

Murray JA, Watson T, Clearman B, Mitros F. Effect of a gluten-free diet on gastrointestinal symptoms in celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 669-673.

Tursi A, Brandimarte G, Giorgetti G. High prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in celiac patients with persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms after gluten withdrawal. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 (4): 839-843.

Usai P, Bassotti G, Usai Satta P, Cherchi MV, Plesa A, Boy F, Morelli A, Balestrieri A. Oesophageal motility in adult celiac disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1995; 7 (4): 239-244.

Viljamaa M, Collin P, Huhtala H, Sievanen H, Maki M, Kaukinen K. Is coeliac disease screening in risk groups justified? A fourteen-year follow-up with special focus on compliance and quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (4): 317-324.

CD: Inclusion of Oats

Hardman CM, Garioch JJ, Leonard JN, Thomas HJW, Walker MM, Lortan JE, Lister A, Fry L. Absence of toxicity of oats in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337: 1,884-1,887.

Hoffenberg EJ, Haas J, Drescher A, Barnhurst R, Osberg I, Bao F, Eisenbarth G. A trial of oats in children with newly diagnosed celiac disease. J Pediatr. 2000; 137: 361-366.

Hogberg L, Laurin P, Falth-Magnusson K, Grant C, Grodzinsky E, Jansson G, Ascher H, Browaldh L, Hammersjo JA, Lindberg E, Myrdal U, Stenhammar L. Oats to children with newly diagnosed celiac disease: a randomized double blind study. Gut, 2004; 53: 649-654.

Janatuinen EK, Kemppainen TA, Julkunen RJK, Kosma VM, Maki M, Heikkinen M, Uusitupa MIJ. No harm from five year ingestion of oats in celiac disease. Gut, 2002; 50: 332-335.

Janatuinen EK, Kemppainen TA, Pikkarainen PH, Holm KH, Kosma VM, Uusitupa MIJ, Maki M, Julkunen RJK. Lack of cellular and humoral immunological responses to oats in adults with celiac disease. Gut, 2000; 46: 327-331.

Janatuinen EK, Pikkarainen PH, Kemppainen TA, Kosma VM, Jarvinen RMK, Uusitupa MIJ, Julkunen RJK. A comparison of diets with and without oats in adults with celiac disease. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333: 1,033-1,037.

Lundin KEA, Nilsen EM, Scott HG, Loberg EM, Gjoen A, Bratlie J, Skar V, Mendez E, Lovik A, Kett K. Oats induced villous atrophy in celiac disease. Gut, 2003; 52: 1,649-1,652.

Peraaho M, Kaukinen K, Mustalahti K, Vuolteenaho N, Maki M, Laippala P, Collin P. Effect of an oats-containing gluten-free diet on symptoms and quality of life in celiac disease. A randomized study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004; 39: 27-31.

Peraaho M, Collin P, Kaukinen L, Miettinen S, Maki M. Oats can diversify a gluten-free diet in celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004; 104: 1,148-1,150.

Picarelli A, Di Tola M, Sabbatella L, Gabrielli F, Di Cello T, Anania MC, Mastracchio A, Silano M, De Vincenzi M. Immunologic evidence of no harmful effect of oats in celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001; 74: 137-140.

Reunala T, Collin P, Holm K, Pikkarainen P, Miettinen A, Vuolteenaho N, Maki M. Tolerance to oats in dermatitis herpetiformis. Gut, 1998; 43: 490-493.

Srinivasan U, Jones E, Carolan J, Feighery C. Immunohistochemical analysis of coeliac mucosa following ingestion of oats. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006; 144 (2): 197-203.

Srinivasan U, Leonard N, Jones E, Kasarda DD, Weir DG, O'Farrelly C, Feighery C. Absence of oats toxicity in adult celiac disease. BMJ. 1996; 313: 1,300-1,301.

Storsrud S, Hulthen LR, Lenner RA. Beneficial effects of oats in the gluten-free diet of adults with special reference to nutrient status, symptoms and subjective experiences. Br J Nutrition. 2003; 90: 101-107.

Thompson T. Questionable foods and the gluten-free diet: Survey of current recommendations. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000; 100 (4): 463-465.

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

Department of Health and Human Services. Food and Drug Administration. 21 CFR Part 101. Food Labeling; Gluten-Free Labeling of Foods (Proposed Rule). Available at www.access.gpo.gov.

CD: Meeting Nutritional Needs

Bardella MT, Fredella C, Prampolini L, Molteni N, Giunta AM, Bianchi PA. Body composition and dietary intakes in adult celiac disease patients consuming a strict gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72: 937-939.

Capristo E, Mingrone G, Addolorato G, Greco AV, Corazza GR, Gasbarrini G. Differences in metabolic variables between adult celiac patients at diagnosis and patients on a gluten-free diet. Scand J Gastronenterol. 1997; 32 (12): 1,222-1,229.

Dahele A, Ghosh S. Vitamin B12 deficiency in untreated celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96 (3): 745-750.

De Lorenzo A, Di Campli C, Andreoli A, Sasso GF, Bonamico M, Gasbarrini A. Assessment of body composition by bioelectrical impedance in adolescent patients with celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Oct; 94 (10): 2,951-2,955.

Dickey W, Kearney N. Overweight in celiac disease: prevalence, clinical characteristics, and effect of a gluten-free diet. Am J Gastroenterology. 2006; 101: 2,356-2,359.

Grehn S, Fridell K, Lilliecreutz M, Hallert C. Dietary habits of Swedish adult celiac patients treated by a gluten-free diet for 10 years. Scand J Nutrition. 2001; 45: 178-182.

Hallert C, Grant C, Grehn S, Granno C, Hulten S, Midhagen G, Strom M, Svensson H, Valdimarsson T. Evidence of poor vitamin status in celiac patients on a gluten-free diet for 10 years. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002; 16: 1,333-1,339.

Hopman EGD, le Cessie S, von Blomberg BME, Mearin ML. Nutritional management of the gluten-free diet in young people with celiac disease in the Netherlands. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006; 43: 102-108.

Kemppainen TA, Kosma VM, Janatuinen EK, Julkunen RJ, Pikkarainen PH, Uusitupa MI. Nutritional status of newly diagnosed celiac disease patients before and after the institution of a celiac disease diet - association with the grade of mucosal villous atrophy. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67 (3): 482-487.

Mariani P, Viti MG, Montuori M, La Vecchia A, Cipolletta E, Calvani L, Bonamico M. The gluten-free diet: a nutritional risk factor for adolescents with celiac disease? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998; 27: 519-523.

Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, Di Toro A, Iovene A, Collini R, Rea L, Sessa G. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. J of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 1996; 23: 408-412.

Smecuol E, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Siccardi A, Cataldi M, Niveloni S, Mazure R, Vazquez H, Pedreira S, Soifer G, Boerr LA, Maurino E, Bai JC. Longitudinal study on the effect of treatment on body composition and anthropometry of celiac disease patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997; 92 (4): 639-643.

Thompson T, Dennis M, Higgins LA, Lee AR, Sharrett MK. Gluten-free diet survey: are Americans with celiac disease consuming recommended amounts of fibre, iron, calcium, and grain foods? J Hum Nutr Diet. 2005; 18 (3): 163-169.

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

Daily Reference Intakes: The update to the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) daily intake levels for micro and macronutrients. Available at the Institutes of Medicine website at http: //www.iom.edu/CMS/3788/33354/33915.aspx.

Lee AR, Ng DL, Zivin J, Green P. Economic burden of a gluten-free diet. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 20, 423-430.

CD: Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation for Reduced Bone Density

Bai JC, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Mazure R, Pedreira S, Vazquez H, Smecuol E, Siccardi A, Cataldi M, Niveloni S, Boerr LA, Maurino E. Long-term effect of gluten restriction on bone mineral density of patients with celiac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1997; 11: 157-164.

Bardella MT, Fredella C, Prampolini L, Molteni N, Giunta AM, Bianchi PA. Body composition and dietary intakes in adult celiac disease patients consuming a strict gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72: 937-939.

Barera G, Beccio S, Proverbio MC, Mora S. Longitudinal changes in bone metabolism and bone mineral content in children with celiac disease during consumption of a gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 148-154.

Carbone MC, Pitzalis G, Ferri M, Nenna R, Thanasi E, Andreoli A, De Lorenzo A, Bonamico M. Body composition in coeliac disease adolescents on a gluten-free diet: a longitudinal study. Acta Diabetol. 2003; 40: S171-S173.

Ciacci C, Maurelli L, Klain M, Savino G, Salvatore M, Mazzacca G, Cirillo M. Effect of dietary treatment on bone mineral density in adults with celiac disease: factors predicting response. Am J Gastroenterology. 1997; 92 (6): 992-996.

Corazza GR, Di Sario A, Cecchetti L, Tarozzi C, Corrao G, Bernardi M, Gasbarrini G. Bone mass and metabolism in patients with celiac disease. Gastroenterology, 1995; 109 (1): 122-128.

Corazza GR, Di Sario A, Cecchetti L, Jorizzo RA, Di Stefano M, Minguzzi L, Brusco G, Bernardi M, Gasbarrini G. Influence of pattern of clinical presentation and of gluten-free diet on bone mass and metabolism in adult celiac disease. Bone, 1996; 18 (6): 525-530.

De Lorenzo A, Di Campli C, Andreoli A, Sasso GF, Bonamico M, Gasbarrini A. Assessment of body composition by bioelectrical impedance in adolescent patients with celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Oct; 94 (10): ,2951-2,955.

Hartman C, Hino B, Lerner A, Eshach-Adiv O, Berkowitz D, Shaoul R, Pacht A, Rozenthal E, Tamir A, Shamaly H, Shamir R. Bone quantitative ultrasound and bone mineral density in children with celiac disease. JPGN. 2004; 39: 504-510.

Kalayci AG, Kansu A, Girgin N, Kucuk O, Aras G. Bone mineral density and importance of a gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease in childhood. Pediatrics, 2001; 108 (5): E89.

Kavak US, Yuce A, Kocak N, Demir H, Saltik IN, Gurakan F, Ozen H. Bone mineral density in children with untreated and treated celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Oct; 37 (4): 434-436.

Kemppainen T, Kroger H, Janatuinen E, Arnala I, Lamberg-Allardt C, Karkkainen M, Kosma VM, Julkunen R, Jurvelin J, Alhava E, Uusitupa M. Bone recovery after a gluten-free diet: a 5-year follow-up study. Bone, 1999; 25: 355-360.

McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Reeves DE, Morgan LM, Robertson DAF. Osteoporosis in treated adult celiac disease. Gut, 1995; 36: 710-714.

McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Robertson DAF. Effect of a gluten-free diet on osteopenia in adults with newly diagnosed celiac disease. Gut, 1996; 39: 180-184.

Molteni N, Bardella MT, Vezzoli G, Pozzoli E, Bianchi P. Intestinal calcium absorption as shown by stable strontium test in celiac disease before and after gluten-free diet. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995; 90: 2,025-2,028.

Mora S, Barera G, Ricotti A, Weber G, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. Reversal of low bone density with a gluten-free diet in children and adolescents with celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67: 477-481.

Mora S, Barera G, Beccio S, Proverbio MC, Weber G, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. Bone density and bone metabolism are normal after long-term gluten-free diet in young celiac patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999; 94: 398-403.

Mora S, Barera G, Beccio S, Menni L, Proverbio MC, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. A prospective, longitudinal study of the long-term effect of treatment on bone density in children with celiac disease. J Pediatr. 2001; 139: 516-521.

O'Leary C, Wieneke P, Healy M, Cronin C, O'Regan P, Shanahan F. Celiac disease and the transition from childhood to adulthood: a 28-year follow up. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99: 2,437-2,441.

Pazianas M, Butcher GP, Subhani JM, Finch PJ, Ang L, Collins C, Heaney RP, Zaidi M, Maxwell JD. Calcium absorption and bone mineral density in celiacs after long term treatment with gluten-free diet and adequate calcium intake. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16 (1): 56-63.

Pistorius LR, Sweidan WH, Purdie DW, Steel SA, Howey S, Bennett JR, Sutton DR. Celiac disease and bone mineral density in adult female patients. Gut, 1995; 37: 639-642.

Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, Di Toro A, Iovene A, Collini R, Rea L, Sessa G. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. J of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 1996; 23: 408-412.

Sategna-Guidetti C, Grosso SB, Grosso S, Mengozzi G, Aimo G, Zaccaria T, Di Stefano M, Isaia GC. The effects of 1-year gluten withdrawal on bone mass, bone metabolism and nutritional status in newly diagnosed adult celiac disease patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000; 14: 35-43.

Scotta MS, Salvatore S, Salvatoni A, De Amici M, Ghiringhelli D, Broggini M, Nespoli L. Bone mineralization and body composition in young patients with celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 Aug; 92 (8): 1,331-1,334.

Sdepanian VL, de Miranda Carvalho CN, de Morais MB, Colugnati FAB, Fagundes-Neto U. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in children and adolescents with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet in Sao Paulo, Brazil. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Nov; 37 (5): 571-576.

Szathmari M, Tulassay T, Arato A, Bodanszky H, Szabo A, Tulassay Z. Bone mineral content and density in asymptomatic children with coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001; 13 (4): 419-424.

Tau C, Mautalen C, De Rosa S, Roca A, Valenzuela X. Bone mineral density in children with celiac disease. Effect of a gluten-free diet. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006; 60: 358-363.

Valdimarsson T, Lofman O, Toss G, Strom M. Reversal of osteopenia with diet in adult celiac disease. Gut, 1996; 38: 322-327.

Valdimarsson T, Toss G, Lofman O, Strom M. Three years' follow-up of bone density in adult coeliac disease: significance of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2000; 35 (3): 274-280.

Vazquez H, Mazure R, Gonzalez D, Flores D, Pedreira S, Niveloni S, Smecuol E, Maurino E, Bai JC. Risk of fractures in celiac disease patients: a cross-sectional, case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000; 95 (1): 183-189.

Viljamaa M, Collin P, Huhtala H, Sievanen H, Maki M, Kaukinen K. Is coeliac disease screening in risk groups justified? A fourteen-year follow-up with special focus on compliance and quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 22 (4): 317-324.

Walters JR, Banks LM, Butcher GP, Fowler CR. Detection of low bone mineral density by dual energy x ray absorptiometry in unsuspected suboptimally treated celiac disease. Gut, 1995; 37 (2): 220-224.

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

National Osteoporosis Foundation Clinician's Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, 2008. Available at http: //www.nof.org/professionals/Clinicians_Guide.htm. Accessed November 18, 2008.

CD: Iron Supplementation for Iron Deficiency Anemia

Annibale B, Severi C, Chistolini A, Antonelli G, Lahner E, Marcheggiano A, Iannoni C, Monarca B, Delle Fave G. Efficacy of gluten-free diet alone on recovery from iron deficiency anemia in adult celiac patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96: 132-137.

Kapur G, Patwari AK, Narayan S, Anand VK. Iron supplementation in children with celiac disease. Indian J Pediatr. 2003; 70 (12): 955-958.

Masjedizadeh R, Hajiani E, Hashemi J, Shayesteh AA, Moula K, Rajabi T. Celiac disease in South-West of Iran. World J Gastroenterol. 2006; 12 (27): 4,416-4,419.

Mitchell RMS and Robinson TJ. Monitoring dietary compliance in coeliac disease using red cell distribution width. Int J Clin Pract. 2002; 56 (4): 249-250.

O'Leary C, Wieneke P, Healy M, Cronin C, O'Regan P, Shanahan F. Celiac disease and the transition from childhood to adulthood: a 28-year follow up. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99: 2,437-2,441.

Patwari AK, Anand VK, Kapur G, Narayan S. Clinical and nutritional profile of children with celiac disease. Indian Pediatr. 2003 Apr; 40 (4): 337-342.

Poddar U, Thapa BR, Singh K. Clinical features of celiac disease in Indian children: are they different from the west? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006; 43 (3): 313-317.

Rashid M, Cranney A, Zarkadas M, Graham ID, Switzer C, Case S, Molloy M, Warren RE, Burrows V, Butzner JD. Celiac disease: evaluation of the diagnosis and dietary compliance in Canadian children. Pediatrics, 2005; 116 (6): e754-e759.

Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, Di Toro A, Iovene A, Collini R, Rea L, Sessa G. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. J of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 1996; 23: 408-412.

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

Institute of Medicine: Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc. Washington, DC, National Academies Press, 2001.

CD: Gluten-free Dietary Pattern

Bai JC, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Mazure R, Pedreira S, Vazquez H, Smecuol E, Siccardi A, Cataldi M, Niveloni S, Boerr LA, Maurino E. Long-term effect of gluten restriction on bone mineral density of patients with celiac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1997; 11: 157-164.

Bardella MT, Fredella C, Prampolini L, Molteni N, Giunta AM, Bianchi PA. Body composition and dietary intakes in adult celiac disease patients consuming a strict gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72: 937-939.

Barera G, Beccio S, Proverbio MC, Mora S. Longitudinal changes in bone metabolism and bone mineral content in children with celiac disease during consumption of a gluten-free diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 148-154.

Carbone MC, Pitzalis G, Ferri M, Nenna R, Thanasi E, Andreoli A, De Lorenzo A, Bonamico M. Body composition in coeliac disease adolescents on a gluten-free diet: a longitudinal study. Acta Diabetol. 2003; 40: S171-S173.

Ciacci C, Maurelli L, Klain M, Savino G, Salvatore M, Mazzacca G, Cirillo M. Effect of dietary treatment on bone mineral density in adults with celiac disease: factors predicting response. Am J Gastroenterology. 1997; 92 (6): 992-996.

Corazza GR, Di Sario A, Cecchetti L, Tarozzi C, Corrao G, Bernardi M, Gasbarrini G. Bone mass and metabolism in patients with celiac disease. Gastroenterology, 1995; 109 (1): 122-128.

Corazza GR, Di Sario A, Cecchetti L, Jorizzo RA, Di Stefano M, Minguzzi L, Brusco G, Bernardi M, Gasbarrini G. Influence of pattern of clinical presentation and of gluten-free diet on bone mass and metabolism in adult celiac disease. Bone, 1996; 18 (6): 525-530.

De Lorenzo A, Di Campli C, Andreoli A, Sasso GF, Bonamico M, Gasbarrini A. Assessment of body composition by bioelectrical impedance in adolescent patients with celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Oct; 94 (10): 2,951-2,955.

Hartman C, Hino B, Lerner A, Eshach-Adiv O, Berkowitz D, Shaoul R, Pacht A, Rozenthal E, Tamir A, Shamaly H, Shamir R. Bone quantitative ultrasound and bone mineral density in children with celiac disease. JPGN. 2004; 39: 504-510.

Kalayci AG, Kansu A, Girgin N, Kucuk O, Aras G. Bone mineral density and importance of a gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease in childhood. Pediatrics, 2001; 108 (5): E89.

Kavak US, Yuce A, Kocak N, Demir H, Saltik IN, Gurakan F, Ozen H. Bone mineral density in children with untreated and treated celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Oct; 37 (4): 434-436.

Kemppainen T, Kroger H, Janatuinen E, Arnala I, Lamberg-Allardt C, Karkkainen M, Kosma VM, Julkunen R, Jurvelin J, Alhava E, Uusitupa M. Bone recovery after a gluten-free diet: a 5-year follow-up study. Bone, 1999; 25: 355-360.

McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Reeves DE, Morgan LM, Robertson DAF. Osteoporosis in treated adult celiac disease. Gut, 1995; 36: 710-714.

McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Robertson DAF. Effect of a gluten-free diet on osteopenia in adults with newly diagnosed celiac disease. Gut, 1996; 39: 180-184.

Molteni N, Bardella MT, Vezzoli G, Pozzoli E, Bianchi P. Intestinal calcium absorption as shown by stable strontium test in celiac disease before and after gluten-free diet. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995; 90: 2,025-2,028.

Mora S, Barera G, Ricotti A, Weber G, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. Reversal of low bone density with a gluten-free diet in children and adolescents with celiac disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67: 477-481.

Mora S, Barera G, Beccio S, Proverbio MC, Weber G, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. Bone density and bone metabolism are normal after long-term gluten-free diet in young celiac patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999; 94: 398-403.

Mora S, Barera G, Beccio S, Menni L, Proverbio MC, Bianchi C, Chiumello G. A prospective, longitudinal study of the long-term effect of treatment on bone density in children with celiac disease. J Pediatr. 2001; 139: 516-521.

O'Leary C, Wieneke P, Healy M, Cronin C, O'Regan P, Shanahan F. Celiac disease and the transition from childhood to adulthood: a 28-year follow up. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99: 2,437-2,441.

Pazianas M, Butcher GP, Subhani JM, Finch PJ, Ang L, Collins C, Heaney RP, Zaidi M, Maxwell JD. Calcium absorption and bone mineral density in celiacs after long term treatment with gluten-free diet and adequate calcium intake. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16 (1): 56-63.

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CD: Education on Label Reading

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

National Institutes of Health. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Celiac Disease. Available at http: //consensus.nih.gov/2004/2004CeliacDisease118html.htm.

Food and Drug Administration. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004. Available at http: //www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/alrgact.html.

Food and Drug Administration. Proposed Rule on Food Labeling; Gluten-Free Labeling of Foods. Available at http: //www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/fr070123.html.

United States Department of Agriculture. A Guide to Federal Food Labeling Requirements for Meat and Poultry Products. Available at http: //www.fsis.usda.gov/pdf/labeling_requirements_guide.pdf and www.glutenfreedrugs.com.

CD: Education on Food Cross-Contamination

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

National Institutes of Health. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Celiac Disease. Available at http: //consensus.nih.gov/2004/2004CeliacDisease118html.htm.

Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004. Available at http: //www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/alrgact.html.

Guidelines to Prevent Cross-Contamination of Gluten-Free Foods. Available at http: //www.fsai.ie/consultations/guidelines_270204.pdf.

CD: Coordination of Care

Citations Not Used in Evidence Analysis

National Institutes of Health. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Celiac Disease. Available at http: //consensus.nih.gov/2004/2004CeliacDisease118html.htm.