- Click here for explanation of classification scheme.

To compare, under resting conditions, the plasma D2O accumulation profiles of water, and 4 CES differing in percentage (^, 8, 10%) and type (simple sugars, maltodextrins) of carbohydrate. 

Healthy, informed consent

none mentioned

Recruitment not mentioned

 

Design randomized crossover, 5 beverage conditions, each containig D2O:

water, 6% maltodextrin, 6%, 8%, 10% glucose-fructose

All CES contained 20 mmol/l Na, 3 mmol/l K

 

Blinding used (if applicable)

 Double-blind, counterbalanced assignment of conditions to subjects.

Intervention (if applicable)

 5 beverage conditions, each containig D2O:

water, 6% maltodextrin, 6%, 8%, 10% glucose-fructose

All CES contained 20 mmol/l Na, 3 mmol/l K

 

Statistical Analysis

 No statistical analysis section of paper (no analysis plan stated).

Timing of Measurements

 12 h fast prior to 5 experimental sessions (1 week washout); catheter inserted for blood sampling;

 Ingestion of 275 ml (within 60 sec) of 1 of 5 beverage conditions during rest (sitting quietly).

Blood samples taken before testing, and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90, 120, 180 min after ingestion.

Dependent Variables

• D2O accumulation (method not mentioned)
• Insulin (method not mentioned)
• glucose (glucose analyzer)

Independent Variables

 5 beverage conditions (275 ml), each containig 20 ml (22.1 g) of 99.8 atom D2O:

water, 6% maltodextrin, 6%, 8%, 10% glucose-fructose

All CES contained 20 mmol/l Na, 3 mmol/l K

 

Control Variables

 All subjects at rest; amt of beverage ingested; no others mentioned.

 

Initial N: N=8 M

Attrition (final N):N=8 M

Age: college-aged (no range or mean±SEM given)

Ethnicity: noty mentioned

Other relevant demographics: none mentioned

Anthropometrics (e.g., were groups same or different on important measures)  None mentioned

Location: Exercise Biochemistry Lab, Dept Exercise Science, school of Public Health, Univ SC, Columbia, SC

 

 

*No mean±SEM tabular data given - all data in 3 figures*

 

Other Findings

 Plasma D2O concentration and insulin not significantly different between the 5 drink conditions.

Changes in plasma glucose:  plasma cglu increased after ingestion of the CES, peaking at 20 min for 8% GF, and 30 min for % and 10% GF.  PLasma glu higher with ingestion of CES than water at 20 and 30 min (P<0.05) and returned to baseline (6% M and GF) or below (8%, 10% GF) (P<0.05).  No differences found among the drinks at or after 90 min.

2.5-10% CES beverages, regardlesss if maltodextrin or simple sugars, are not likely to enter the vascular system more slowly than water, and therefore will not compromise fluid replenishment.

University/Hospital:

University of South Carolina

Conclusions that can be made from this study are limited. 

No statistical plan was described (or P values expected for the sample size, i.e. effect size). 

No subject characteristics/anthrompometrics/demographics described for this small, limited sample. no info re: body weight/ht, activity level, etc

Much information missing from methods (drink temp, subjective feelings, environmental conditions, analysis of plasma measures, hydration status).

Could have done much more with respect to measures obtained.