PDM: Metabolic Syndrome (2013)

PDM: Metabolic Syndrome (2013)

• Assessment
  In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on glycemic-related outcomes (such as fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose, two-hour post-prandial blood glucose, A1C)?

  • Conclusion

    Most studies reported no significant impact of the type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on fasting glucose levels in adults with metabolic syndrome.

    Additional longer-term intervention studies are needed to ascertain an effect of type of fat intake on glycemic-related outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome with or without meeting the metabolic syndrome criteria for impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose.

  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on glycemic-related outcomes (such as fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose, 2-hour post prandial blood glucose, A1C)?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Mukuddem-Petersen J, Stonehouse (Oosthuizen) W, Jerling JC, Hanekom SM, White Z. Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: A controlled feeding trial. British J Nutr. 2007; 97: 1,144-1,153. 
      • Muzio F, Mondazzi L, Harris WS, Sommariva D, Branchi A. Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 86 (4): 946-951.
      • Paniagua JA, Perez-Martinez P, Gjelstad IM, Tierney AC, Delgado-Lista J, Defoort C, Blaak EE, Riserus U, Drevon CA, Kiec-Wilk B, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM, Lopez-Miranda J, LIPGENE Study Investigators. A low-fat high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with long-chain n-3 PUFA reduces the risk of the metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 218(2): 443-450.
      • Tierney AC, McMonagle J, Shaw DI, Gulseth HL, Helal O, Saris WH, Paniagua JA, Golabek-Leszczynska I, Defoort C, Williams CM, Karlstrom B, Vessby B, Dembinska-Kiec A, Lopez-Miranda J, Blaak EE, Drevon CA, Gibney MJ, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM. Effects of dietary fat modification on insulin sensitivity and on other risk factors of the metabolic syndrome--LIPGENE: A European randomized dietary intervention study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011; 35(6): 800-809.
  • Search Plan and Results: PDM: Fat Type and Metabolic Syndrome 2012
     
  In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on lipid outcomes (TG, HDL)?

  • Conclusion

    Most studies report no significant impact of the type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on triglyceride or HDL cholesterol levels in adults with metabolic syndrome.

    Additional longer-term intervention studies are needed to ascertain an effect of type of fat intake on lipid outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome with or without meeting the metabolic syndrome criteria for lipid levels.

  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on lipid outcomes (TG, HDL)?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Hartwich J, Leszczynska-Golabek I, Kiec-Wilk B, Siedlecka D, Perez-Martinez P, Marin C, Lopez-Miranda J, Tierney A, Monagle JM, Roche HM, Defoort C, Wolkow P, Dembinska-Kiec A. Lipoprotein profile, plasma ischemia modified albumin and LDL density change in the course of postprandial lipemia. Insights from the LIPGENE study. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2010; 70(3): 201-208.
      • Mukuddem-Petersen J, Stonehouse (Oosthuizen) W, Jerling JC, Hanekom SM, White Z. Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: A controlled feeding trial. British J Nutr. 2007; 97: 1,144-1,153. 
      • Muzio F, Mondazzi L, Harris WS, Sommariva D, Branchi A. Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 86 (4): 946-951.
      • Paniagua JA, Perez-Martinez P, Gjelstad IM, Tierney AC, Delgado-Lista J, Defoort C, Blaak EE, Riserus U, Drevon CA, Kiec-Wilk B, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM, Lopez-Miranda J, LIPGENE Study Investigators. A low-fat high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with long-chain n-3 PUFA reduces the risk of the metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 218(2): 443-450.
      • Tierney AC, McMonagle J, Shaw DI, Gulseth HL, Helal O, Saris WH, Paniagua JA, Golabek-Leszczynska I, Defoort C, Williams CM, Karlstrom B, Vessby B, Dembinska-Kiec A, Lopez-Miranda J, Blaak EE, Drevon CA, Gibney MJ, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM. Effects of dietary fat modification on insulin sensitivity and on other risk factors of the metabolic syndrome--LIPGENE: A European randomized dietary intervention study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011; 35(6): 800-809.
  • Search Plan and Results: PDM: Fat Type and Metabolic Syndrome 2012
     
  In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on anthropometric outcomes (WC, WHR)?

  • Conclusion

    Research reports no significant impact of the type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on waist circumference in adults with metabolic syndrome.

    Additional longer-term intervention studies are needed to ascertain an effect of type of fat intake on anthropometric outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome with or without meeting the metabolic syndrome criteria for anthropometric measures.

    
    

  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on anthropometric outcomes (WC, WHR)?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Mukuddem-Petersen J, Stonehouse (Oosthuizen) W, Jerling JC, Hanekom SM, White Z. Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: A controlled feeding trial. British J Nutr. 2007; 97: 1,144-1,153. 
      • Muzio F, Mondazzi L, Harris WS, Sommariva D, Branchi A. Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 86 (4): 946-951.
      • Paniagua JA, Perez-Martinez P, Gjelstad IM, Tierney AC, Delgado-Lista J, Defoort C, Blaak EE, Riserus U, Drevon CA, Kiec-Wilk B, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM, Lopez-Miranda J, LIPGENE Study Investigators. A low-fat high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with long-chain n-3 PUFA reduces the risk of the metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 218(2): 443-450.
      • Tierney AC, McMonagle J, Shaw DI, Gulseth HL, Helal O, Saris WH, Paniagua JA, Golabek-Leszczynska I, Defoort C, Williams CM, Karlstrom B, Vessby B, Dembinska-Kiec A, Lopez-Miranda J, Blaak EE, Drevon CA, Gibney MJ, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM. Effects of dietary fat modification on insulin sensitivity and on other risk factors of the metabolic syndrome--LIPGENE: A European randomized dietary intervention study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011; 35(6): 800-809.
  • Search Plan and Results: PDM: Fat Type and Metabolic Syndrome 2012
     
  In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on blood pressure?

  • Conclusion

    Research reports no significant impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on systolic or diastolic blood pressure in adults with metabolic syndrome.
    

    Additional longer-term intervention studies are needed to ascertain an effect of type of fat intake on blood pressure in adults with metabolic syndrome with or without meeting the metabolic syndrome criteria for blood pressure.

  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on blood pressure?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Gulseth HL, Gjelstad IM, Tierney AC, Shaw DI, Helal O, Hees AM, Delgado-Lista J, Leszczynska-Golabek I, Karlstrom B, Lovegrove J, Defoort C, Blaak EE, Lopez-Miranda J, Dembinska-Kiec A, Riserus U, Roche HM, Birkeland KI, Drevon CA. Dietary fat modifications and blood pressure in subjects with the metabolic syndrome in the LIPGENE dietary intervention study. Br J Nutr. 2010; 104(2): 160-163.
      • Mukuddem-Petersen J, Stonehouse (Oosthuizen) W, Jerling JC, Hanekom SM, White Z. Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: A controlled feeding trial. British J Nutr. 2007; 97: 1,144-1,153. 
      • Muzio F, Mondazzi L, Harris WS, Sommariva D, Branchi A. Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 86 (4): 946-951.
      • Paniagua JA, Perez-Martinez P, Gjelstad IM, Tierney AC, Delgado-Lista J, Defoort C, Blaak EE, Riserus U, Drevon CA, Kiec-Wilk B, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM, Lopez-Miranda J, LIPGENE Study Investigators. A low-fat high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with long-chain n-3 PUFA reduces the risk of the metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 218(2): 443-450.
      • Tierney AC, McMonagle J, Shaw DI, Gulseth HL, Helal O, Saris WH, Paniagua JA, Golabek-Leszczynska I, Defoort C, Williams CM, Karlstrom B, Vessby B, Dembinska-Kiec A, Lopez-Miranda J, Blaak EE, Drevon CA, Gibney MJ, Lovegrove JA, Roche HM. Effects of dietary fat modification on insulin sensitivity and on other risk factors of the metabolic syndrome--LIPGENE: A European randomized dietary intervention study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011; 35(6): 800-809.
  • Search Plan and Results: PDM: Fat Type and Metabolic Syndrome 2012
     
• Intervention
  In adults with metabolic syndrome, what is the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on renal outcomes?

  • Conclusion

    There were no studies identified to evaluate the impact of type of fat intake, independent of weight loss, on renal outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome.

    Intervention studies are needed to ascertain an effect of type of fat intake on renal outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome with or without meeting the metabolic syndrome criteria for renal measures.

  • Grade: V
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Search Plan and Results: PDM: Fat Type and Metabolic Syndrome 2012