DLM-SF: Meat (2021)

DLM-SF: Meat (2021)

• Intervention
  In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and all-cause mortality?

  • Conclusion

    In adults, reduced red or processed meat intake may reduce all-cause mortality based on low certainty evidence. None of the studies examined controlled for saturated fat intake, so the impact of saturated fat consumed from red or processed meat on all-cause mortality is unclear.

  • Grade: Very Low (D)
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and all-cause mortality?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Bechthold A, Boeing H, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Knüppel S, Iqbal K, De Henauw S, Michels N, Devleesschauwer B, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2019; 59:1071-1090
      • Vernooij R, Zeraatkar D, Han M, El Dib R, Zworth M, Milio K, Sit D, Lee Y, Gomaa H, Valli C, Swierz M, Chang Y, Hanna S, Brauer P, Sievenpiper J, de Souza R, Alonso-Coello P, Bala M, Guyatt G, Johnston B. Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:732-741
      • Zeraatkar D, Han M, Guyatt G, Vernooij R, El Dib R, Cheung K, Milio K, Zworth M, Bartoszko J, Valli C, Rabassa M, Lee Y, Zajac J, Prokop-Dorner A, Lo C, Bala M, Alonso-Coello P, Hanna S,Johnston B. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:703-710
  • Search Plan and Results: DLM-SF: Source of Saturated Fat: Meat (2021)
     
  In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and cardiovascular mortality?

  • Conclusion

    In adults, reduced red or processed meat intake may reduce cardiovascular mortality based on low certainty of evidence. None of the studies examined controlled for saturated fat intake, so the impact of saturated fat consumed from red and processed meat on cardiovascular mortality is unclear.

  • Grade: Very Low (D)
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and cardiovascular mortality?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Bechthold A, Boeing H, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Knüppel S, Iqbal K, De Henauw S, Michels N, Devleesschauwer B, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2019; 59:1071-1090
      • Vernooij R, Zeraatkar D, Han M, El Dib R, Zworth M, Milio K, Sit D, Lee Y, Gomaa H, Valli C, Swierz M, Chang Y, Hanna S, Brauer P, Sievenpiper J, de Souza R, Alonso-Coello P, Bala M, Guyatt G, Johnston B. Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:732-741
      • Zeraatkar D, Han M, Guyatt G, Vernooij R, El Dib R, Cheung K, Milio K, Zworth M, Bartoszko J, Valli C, Rabassa M, Lee Y, Zajac J, Prokop-Dorner A, Lo C, Bala M, Alonso-Coello P, Hanna S,Johnston B. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:703-710
  • Search Plan and Results: DLM-SF: Source of Saturated Fat: Meat (2021)
     
  In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and stroke?

  • Conclusion

    In adults reduced red or processed meat intake may reduce incidence of stroke based on low certainty of evidence. None of the studies examined controlled for saturated fat intake, so the impact of saturated fat consumed from red and processed meat intake on stroke is unclear. 

  • Grade: Low (C)
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and stroke?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Bechthold A, Boeing H, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Knüppel S, Iqbal K, De Henauw S, Michels N, Devleesschauwer B, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2019; 59:1071-1090
      • Vernooij R, Zeraatkar D, Han M, El Dib R, Zworth M, Milio K, Sit D, Lee Y, Gomaa H, Valli C, Swierz M, Chang Y, Hanna S, Brauer P, Sievenpiper J, de Souza R, Alonso-Coello P, Bala M, Guyatt G, Johnston B. Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:732-741
      • Zeraatkar D, Han M, Guyatt G, Vernooij R, El Dib R, Cheung K, Milio K, Zworth M, Bartoszko J, Valli C, Rabassa M, Lee Y, Zajac J, Prokop-Dorner A, Lo C, Bala M, Alonso-Coello P, Hanna S,Johnston B. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:703-710
  • Search Plan and Results: DLM-SF: Source of Saturated Fat: Meat (2021)
     
  In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and myocardial infarction?

  • Conclusion

    In adults, reduced red or processed meat intake may have little to no impact on myocardial infarction based on very low of certainty evidence. None of the studies examined or controlled for saturated fat intake, so the impact of saturated fat from red or processed meat intake on myocardial infarction is unclear.

  • Grade: Very Low (D)
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and myocardial infarction?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Bechthold A, Boeing H, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Knüppel S, Iqbal K, De Henauw S, Michels N, Devleesschauwer B, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2019; 59:1071-1090
      • Vernooij R, Zeraatkar D, Han M, El Dib R, Zworth M, Milio K, Sit D, Lee Y, Gomaa H, Valli C, Swierz M, Chang Y, Hanna S, Brauer P, Sievenpiper J, de Souza R, Alonso-Coello P, Bala M, Guyatt G, Johnston B. Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:732-741
      • Zeraatkar D, Han M, Guyatt G, Vernooij R, El Dib R, Cheung K, Milio K, Zworth M, Bartoszko J, Valli C, Rabassa M, Lee Y, Zajac J, Prokop-Dorner A, Lo C, Bala M, Alonso-Coello P, Hanna S,Johnston B. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:703-710
  • Search Plan and Results: DLM-SF: Source of Saturated Fat: Meat (2021)
     
  In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and cardiovascular disease?

  • Conclusion

    In adults, reduced red or processed meat intake likely has little to no impact on cardiovascular disease. None of the studies examined controlled for saturated fat intake, so the impact of saturated fat from red and processed meat on cardiovascular disease is unclear.

  • Grade: Very Low (D)
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and cardiovascular disease?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Bechthold A, Boeing H, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Knüppel S, Iqbal K, De Henauw S, Michels N, Devleesschauwer B, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2019; 59:1071-1090
      • Vernooij R, Zeraatkar D, Han M, El Dib R, Zworth M, Milio K, Sit D, Lee Y, Gomaa H, Valli C, Swierz M, Chang Y, Hanna S, Brauer P, Sievenpiper J, de Souza R, Alonso-Coello P, Bala M, Guyatt G, Johnston B. Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:732-741
      • Zeraatkar D, Han M, Guyatt G, Vernooij R, El Dib R, Cheung K, Milio K, Zworth M, Bartoszko J, Valli C, Rabassa M, Lee Y, Zajac J, Prokop-Dorner A, Lo C, Bala M, Alonso-Coello P, Hanna S,Johnston B. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171:703-710
  • Search Plan and Results: DLM-SF: Source of Saturated Fat: Meat (2021)
     
  In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and coronary heart disease?

  • Conclusion

    In adults, increased intake of processed and red meat intake may increase the risk of coronary heart disease. None of the studies examined controlled for saturated fat intake, so the impact of saturated fat consumed from red and processed meat intake on coronary heart disease is unclear.  

  • Grade: Low (C)
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: In adults, what is the association between saturated fat from red and processed meat intake and coronary heart disease?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Bechthold A, Boeing H, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Knüppel S, Iqbal K, De Henauw S, Michels N, Devleesschauwer B, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2019; 59:1071-1090
  • Search Plan and Results: DLM-SF: Source of Saturated Fat: Meat (2021)