Several cohort and case-control studies have reported that women with undiagnosed or untreated celiac disease have an increased risk of spontaneous abortion and miscarriage, low birth weight and small for gestational age newborns, stillbirth, perinatal disease and mortality, low Apgar scores, delayed menarche and early menopause, premature delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, breech presentation and Cesarean delivery, while compliance with a gluten-free dietary pattern results in risks similar to those of healthy controls. Despite the increased risks of complications, the overall number of pregnancies does not appear to be influenced by celiac disease. Evidence is limited in the areas of fertility, breast-feeding duration, threatened abortion, secondary amenorrhea, and labor induction; further research is needed in these areas.