Hypertension

HTN: Caffeine (2007)

• Intervention
  What is the relationship between caffeine intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?

  • Conclusion

    Six studies report that a one-time dose of caffeine (200-300 mg) raises blood pressure, by 3 to 12 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 3 to 4 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure.  Two studies report that the effect of habitual consumption of caffeine on blood pressure is unclear. 

  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What evidence suggests a relationship between caffeine intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Cavalcante JWS, Santos PRM, de Menezes MGF, Marques HO, Cavalcante LP, Pacheco WS. Influence of caffeine on blood pressure and platelet aggregation. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2000; 75: 102-105.
      • Hartley TR, Lovallo WR, Whitsett TL. Cardiovascular effects of caffeine in men and women. Am J Cardiol. 2004; 93: 1,022-1,026.
      • Hartley TR, Sung BH, Pincomb GA, Whitsett TL, Wilson MF, Lovallo WR. Hypertension risk status and effect of caffeine on blood pressure. Hypertension, 2000; 36: 137-141.
      • Noordzij M, Uiterwaal CSPM, Arends LR, Kok FJ, Grobbee DE, Geleijnse JM. Blood pressure response to chronic intake of coffee and caffeine: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertension. 2005; 23: 921-928.
      • Shepard JD, al'Absi M, Whitsett TL, Passey RB, Lovallo WR. Additive pressor effects of caffeine and stress in male medical students at risk for hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2000; 13: 475-481.
      • Vlachopoulos C, Hirata K, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas P, O'Rourke MF. Caffeine increases aortic stiffness in hypertensive patients. Am J Hpertens. 2003; 16: 63-66.
      • Waring WS, Goudsmit J, Marwick J, Webb DJ, Maxwell SRJ. Acute caffeine intake influences central more than peripheral blood pressure in young adults. Am J Hypertens. 2003; 16: 919-924.
      • Watson J, Deary I, Kerr D. Central and peripheral effects of sustained caffeine use: tolerance is incomplete. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002; 54: 400-406.
  • Search Plan and Results: Caffeine 2005