Hypertension

HTN: Fiber (2007)

• Intervention
  What is the relationship between soluble fiber intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?

  • Conclusion

    The effect of increased soluble fiber intake on blood pressure is unclear, as the results of seven studies are conflicting.

  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What evidence suggests a relationship between soluble fiber intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Davy BM, Melby CL, Beske SD, Ho RC, Davrath LR, Davy KP. Oat consumption does not affect resting casual and ambulatory 24-h arterial blood pressure in men with high-normal blood pressure to stage 1 hypertension. J Nutr. 2002; 132: 394-398.
      • He J, Streiffer RH, Muntner P, Krousel-Wood MA, Whelton PK. Effect of dietary fiber intake on blood pressure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Hypertens. 2004; 22: 73-80.
      • Jenkins DJA, Kendall CWC, Vuksan V, Vidgen E, Parker T, Faulkner D, Mehling CC, Garsetti M, Testolin G, Cunnane SC, Ryan MA, Corey PN. Soluble fiber intake at a dose approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for a claim of health benefits: serum lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease assessed in a randomized controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 75: 834-839.
      • Marett R, Slavin JL. No long-term benefits of supplementation with arabinogalactan on serum lipids and glucose. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004; 104: 636-639.
      • Pins JJ, Geleva D, Keenan JM, Frazel C, O'Connor PJ, Cherney LM. Do whole-grain oat cereals reduce the need for antihypertensive medications and improve blood pressure control? J Fam Practice. 2002; 51 (4): 353-359.
      • Saltzman E, Das SK, Lichtenstein AH, Dallal GE, Corrales A, Schaefer EJ, Greenberg AS, Roberts SB. An oat-containing hypocaloric diet reduces systolic blood pressure and improves lipid profile beyond effects of weight loss in men and women. J Nutr. 2001; 131: 1,465-1,470.
      • Streppel MT, Arends LR, van’t Veer P, Grobbee DE, Geleijnse JM. Dietary fiber and blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.  Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:150-156.
  • Search Plan and Results: Soluble Fiber 2005
     
  What is the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?

  • Conclusion

    Nine studies report that fruit and vegetable consumption, at a level of five to ten servings per day, results in significant blood pressure reduction.

  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What evidence suggests a relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Beitz R, Mensink GBM, Fischer B. Blood pressure and vitamin C and fruit and vegetable intake. Annals of Nutr & Metabolism. 2003; 47: 214-220.
      • Broekmans WMR, Klopping-Ketelaars WAA, Kluft C, van den Berg H, Kok FJ, van Poppel G.  Fruit and vegetables and cardiovascular risk profile:  a diet controlled intervention study.  Eur J Clin Nutr 2001;55(8):636-642.
      • Conlin PR, Chow D, Miller III ER, Svetkey LP, Lin PH, Harsha DW, Moore TJ, Sacks FM, Appel LJ, for the DASH Research Group.  The effect of dietary patterns on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients:  results from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial.  Am J Hypertens 2000;13:949-955.
      • John JH, Ziebland S, Yudkin P, Roe LS, Neil HAW for the Oxford Fruit and Vegetable Study Group.  Effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma antioxidant concentrations and blood pressure:  a randomized controlled trial.  Lancet 2002;359(9322):1969-1974. 
      • Moore TJ, Conlin PR, Ard J, Svetkey LP, for the DASH Collaborative Research Group.  DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet is effective treatment for stage I isolated systolic hypertension.  Hypertension 2001;38:155-158.
      • Nowson CA, Worsley A, Margerison C, Jorna MK, Frame AG, Torres SJ, Godfrey SJ. Blood pressure response to dietary modifications in free-living individuals.  J Nutr 2004;134:2322-2329.
      • Nowson CA, Worsley A, Margerison C, Jorna MK, Godfrey SJ, Booth A. Blood pressure change with weight loss is affected by diet type in men. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:983-989.
  • Search Plan and Results: Fruits & Vegetables (Insoluble Fiber) 2005