Malnutrition in Pregnancy

MIP: Nutrition Assessment (2018)

Basic Research
What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (as defined by nutrition assessment) on anthropometric measurements (birth weight and BMI)?
- Conclusion
  The reviewed evidence observed lower birth weight and higher rate of small for gestational age among offspring born to women who were anemic, malnourished or both (one out of one study). Offspring with malnourished mothers (as defined by less than 155cm or 150cm) had significantly lower height-for-age Z-score, but not weight-for-height Z-score, at the end of 18 months (one out of one study), higher odds of being stunted and lower odds of having a BMI greater than or equal to 85% between four to six years (one out of one study).
- Grade: II
  - Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
  - Grade II is Fair;
  - Grade III is Limited/Weak;
  - Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
  - Grade V is Not Assignable.
  - High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
  - Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
  - Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
  - Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
  - Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
- Evidence Summary: What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (as defined by nutrition assessment) on anthropometrics measurements (birth weight, BMI)?
- Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (as defined by nutrition assessment) on comorbidity: metabolic syndrome (and metabolic syndrome individual components; fasting glucose, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure)?
- Conclusion
  The evidence reviewed presented four individual components (except for waist circumference) of metabolic syndrome and found no significant differences in blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels at a mean age of 45 (in offspring) among different BMI groups at 15 and 38 weeks of pregnancy (one out of one study).
- Grade: III
  - Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
  - Grade II is Fair;
  - Grade III is Limited/Weak;
  - Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
  - Grade V is Not Assignable.
  - High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
  - Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
  - Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
  - Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
  - Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
- Evidence Summary: What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (as defined by nutrition assessment) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome (and metabolic syndrome individual components, i.e., fasting glucose, waist circumference, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure)?
  - Detail
  - Quality Rating Summary
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  - Worksheets
    
    Mi J, Law C, Zhang K, Osmond C, Stein C, Barker D. Effects of infant birthweight and maternal body mass index in pregnancy on components of the insulin resistance syndrome in China. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2000; 132:253-60
- Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)