Malnutrition in Pregnancy

MIP: Famine (2018)

• Basic Research
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on birth weight?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed offspring who were exposed to famine during gestation had significantly lower birth weight than those who were not exposed (six out of six studies).
  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on birth weight?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Bossuyt P, Phillips D, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Blood pressure response to psychological stressors in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Journal of Hypertension 2006; 24:1,771-1,778
      • Painter R, Osmond C, Gluckman P, Hanson M, Phillips D, Roseboom T. Transgenerational effects of prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine on neonatal adiposity and health in later life. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2008; 115:1,243-1,249.
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
      • Stein A, Kahn H, Rundle A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Anthropometric measures in middle age after exposure to famine during gestation: evidence from the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 85:869-76
      • Stein A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Exposure to famine during gestation, size at birth, and blood pressure at age 59 y: evidence from the Dutch Famine. European Journal of Epidemiology 2006; 21:759-765.
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on birth length?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed that offspring who were exposed to famine during gestation had significantly shorter birth length than those who were not exposed (three out of three studies).
  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on birth length?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Bossuyt P, Phillips D, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Blood pressure response to psychological stressors in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Journal of Hypertension 2006; 24:1,771-1,778
      • Painter R, Osmond C, Gluckman P, Hanson M, Phillips D, Roseboom T. Transgenerational effects of prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine on neonatal adiposity and health in later life. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2008; 115:1,243-1,249.
      • Stein A, Kahn H, Rundle A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Anthropometric measures in middle age after exposure to famine during gestation: evidence from the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 85:869-76
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on adult BMI?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed no significant differences in BMI (at a mean age of 58) between offspring who were exposed to famine during gestation and those who were not exposed (three out of four studies). Two other studies reported a sex difference: In men, there was no significant association between exposure to famine during gestation and BMI; in women, those who were exposed to famine during gestation had significantly greater BMI than those who were not exposed (range, 44 years to 59 years old).
  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on adult BMI?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Lumey L, Stein A, Kahn H, Romijn J. Lipid profiles in middle-aged men and women after famine exposure during gestation: the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009; 89:1,737-1,743.
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Bossuyt P, Phillips D, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Blood pressure response to psychological stressors in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Journal of Hypertension 2006; 24:1,771-1,778
      • Painter R, Osmond C, Gluckman P, Hanson M, Phillips D, Roseboom T. Transgenerational effects of prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine on neonatal adiposity and health in later life. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2008; 115:1,243-1,249.
      • Stein A, Kahn H, Rundle A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Anthropometric measures in middle age after exposure to famine during gestation: evidence from the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 85:869-76
      • Zheng X, Wang Y, Ren W, Luo R, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zeng Q. Risk of metabolic syndrome in adults exposed to the great Chinese famine during the fetal life and early childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66:231-6
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on head circumference?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed that offspring who were exposed to famine during gestation had significantly smaller head circumference than those who were not exposed (one out of one study).
  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on head circumference?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on pre-term birth or gestational age?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed no significant differences in gestational age between offspring who were exposed to famine during gestation and those who were not exposed (one out of one study).
  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on pre-term birth or gestational age?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on infant illness or complications: Infant mortality?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed offspring who were born before famine or exposed to famine during gestation had greater infant mortality percentage than those who were conceived after famine (one out of one study).
  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on infant illness or complications: Infant mortality?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Song S, Wang W, Hu P. Famine, death, and madness: schizophrenia in early adulthood after prenatal exposure to the Chinese Great Leap Forward Famine. Social Science & Medicine (1982) 2009; 68:1,315-1,321.
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Heart disease?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed no significant differences in coronary heart disease prevalence (at a mean age of approximately 58) between offspring who were exposed to famine during gestation and those who were not exposed (one out of one study).
  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Heart disease?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: metabolic syndrome?

  • Conclusion
    In the evidence reviewed, no significant association between metabolic syndrome and exposure to famine during gestation was reported in one study, but another study found a greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome among women, but not men, who were exposed to famine during gestation.
     
  • Grade: III
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Zheng X, Wang Y, Ren W, Luo R, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zeng Q. Risk of metabolic syndrome in adults exposed to the great Chinese famine during the fetal life and early childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66:231-6
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components – blood pressure?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed no significant association between the metabolic syndrome individual component blood pressure, and exposure to famine during gestation (four out of four studies), but one study found that those who were exposed had a significantly greater prevalence of hypertension. Another study noted a sex difference in this association.
  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: metabolic syndrome individual components - blood pressure?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Lumey L, Stein A, Kahn H, Romijn J. Lipid profiles in middle-aged men and women after famine exposure during gestation: the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009; 89:1,737-1,743.
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Bossuyt P, Phillips D, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Blood pressure response to psychological stressors in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Journal of Hypertension 2006; 24:1,771-1,778
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
      • Stein A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Exposure to famine during gestation, size at birth, and blood pressure at age 59 y: evidence from the Dutch Famine. European Journal of Epidemiology 2006; 21:759-765.
      • Zheng X, Wang Y, Ren W, Luo R, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zeng Q. Risk of metabolic syndrome in adults exposed to the great Chinese famine during the fetal life and early childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66:231-6
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components – waist circumference?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed inconsistent results between the metabolic syndrome individual component waist circumference, and exposure to famine during gestation. Two studies found no significant differences in waist circumference between exposed and unexposed group, while the other two studies noticed greater waist circumference among those who were exposed. Another study noted a sex difference in this association.
  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components; waist circumference?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Lumey L, Stein A, Kahn H, Romijn J. Lipid profiles in middle-aged men and women after famine exposure during gestation: the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009; 89:1,737-1,743.
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
      • Stein A, Kahn H, Rundle A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Anthropometric measures in middle age after exposure to famine during gestation: evidence from the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 85:869-76
      • Stein A, Zybert P, van der Pal-de Bruin K, Lumey L. Exposure to famine during gestation, size at birth, and blood pressure at age 59 y: evidence from the Dutch Famine. European Journal of Epidemiology 2006; 21:759-765.
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components; fasting glucose?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed inconsistent results between the metabolic syndrome individual component fasting glucose and exposure to famine during gestation. Two studies found no significant differences in fasting glucose levels between the exposed and unexposed group, while the other two studies noticed greater two-hour glucose concentration or fasting plasma glucose levels among those who were exposed to famine during gestation.
  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: metabolic syndrome individual components - fasting glucose?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Painter R, Osmond C, Gluckman P, Hanson M, Phillips D, Roseboom T. Transgenerational effects of prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine on neonatal adiposity and health in later life. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2008; 115:1,243-1,249.
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
      • Zheng X, Wang Y, Ren W, Luo R, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zeng Q. Risk of metabolic syndrome in adults exposed to the great Chinese famine during the fetal life and early childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66:231-6
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components; triglycerides?

  • Conclusion
    The reviewed evidence observed inconsistent results between the metabolic syndrome individual component triglyceride and exposure to famine during gestation. One study observed greater levels of triglyceride among those who were exposed to famine during gestation, while the other study did not. Another study reported a sex difference in the association between triglyceride and exposure to famine during gestation.
  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components; triglycerides?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Lumey L, Stein A, Kahn H, Romijn J. Lipid profiles in middle-aged men and women after famine exposure during gestation: the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009; 89:1,737-1,743.
      • Zheng X, Wang Y, Ren W, Luo R, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zeng Q. Risk of metabolic syndrome in adults exposed to the great Chinese famine during the fetal life and early childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66:231-6
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: metabolic syndrome individual components; high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol?

  • Conclusion
    The evidence reviewed observed inconsistent results between metabolic syndrome individual components; high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol and exposure to famine during gestation. One study observed greater levels of triglyceride among those who were exposed to famine during gestation, while the other two studies did not. Another study reported a sex difference in this association.
  • Grade: II
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on comorbidity: Metabolic syndrome individual components; HDL-cholesterol?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • de Rooij S, Painter R, Holleman F, Bossuyt P, Roseboom T. The metabolic syndrome in adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch famine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 86:1,219-1,224
      • Lumey L, Stein A, Kahn H, Romijn J. Lipid profiles in middle-aged men and women after famine exposure during gestation: the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009; 89:1,737-1,743.
      • Painter R, de Rooij S, Hutten B, Bossuyt P, de Groot E, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O, Roseboom T. Reduced intima media thickness in adults after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. Atherosclerosis 2007; 193:421-427
      • Zheng X, Wang Y, Ren W, Luo R, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zeng Q. Risk of metabolic syndrome in adults exposed to the great Chinese famine during the fetal life and early childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66:231-6
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)
     
  What are the short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on mortality?

  • Conclusion
    The reviewed evidence observed no significant associations between exposure to famine during gestation and offspring adult mortality (seven out of seven studies).
  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
    • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
    • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
    • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
    • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
    • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: What are short-term and long-term health effects of malnutrition in pregnancy (due to famine) on mortality?
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Ekamper P, van Poppel F, Stein A, Bijwaard G, Lumey L. Prenatal famine exposure and adult mortality from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other causes through age 63 years. American Journal of Epidemiology 2015; 181:271-9
      • Lindeboom M, Portrait F, van den Berg G. Long-run effects on longevity of a nutritional shock early in life: the Dutch Potato famine of 1846-1847. Journal of Health Economics 2010; 29:617-629.
      • Painter R, Roseboom T, Bossuyt P, Osmond C, Barker D, Bleker O. Adult mortality at age 57 after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2005; 20:673-676.
      • Roseboom T, van der Meulen J, Osmond C, Barker D, Ravelli A, Bleker O. Adult survival after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine 1944-45. Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology. 2001; 15:220-225
      • Saxton K, Falconi A, Goldman-Mellor S, Catalano R. No evidence of programmed late-life mortality in the Finnish famine cohort. Journal of developmental origins of health and disease 2013; 4:30-34
      • Song S. Does famine have a long-term effect on cohort mortality? Evidence from the 1959-1961 great leap forward famine in China. Journal of Biosocial Science 2009; 41:469-491
      • van Abeelen A, Veenendaal M, Painter R, de Rooij S, Dijkgraaf M, Bossuyt P, Elias S, Grobbee D, Uiterwaal C, Roseboom T. Survival effects of prenatal famine exposure. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 95:179-183.
  • Search Plan and Results: MIP: Heath Effects of MIP (2015)