• Intervention
    Are there specific nutrition interventions (for at least 1 year) in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes?
    • Conclusion
      Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of complications related to cardiovascular disease.  Nutrition interventions lasting 1 year or more, such as Mediterranean dietary patterns and multifactorial interventions, reduced A1C, blood pressure and body weight and improved serum lipid profile, all of which reduce the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease.
    • Grade: I
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
    • Search Plan and Results: Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease 2006
       
    Are there specific nutrition interventions in the treatment of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes?
    • Conclusion
      Twenty-one studies, based on a variety of interventions over different time periods, were evaluated in people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.  Interventions based on currently accepted guidelines, low-fat diets and the consumption of specific fatty acids, combination drug and diet therapies, Mediterranean diets and reduced sodium diets resulted in improved measures of endothelial health, improved serum lipid profile and reductions in blood pressure.  There is limited research on the effect of high protein diets, low glycemic index diets, phytosterol consumption and vitamin supplements; further research is needed in these areas.   
    • Grade: I
      • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
      • Grade II is Fair;
      • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
      • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
      • Grade V is Not Assignable.
      • High (A) means we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect;
      • Moderate (B) means we are moderately confident in the effect estimate;
      • Low (C) means our confidence in the effect estimate is limited;
      • Very Low (D) means we have very little confidence in the effect estimate.
      • Ungraded means a grade is not assignable.
    • Search Plan and Results: Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease 2006