Disorders of Lipid Metabolism

DLM: Major Dietary Components for LDL-Cholesterol Reduction (2001)

The ADA 2001 Hyperlipidemia MNT Evidence-based guide for practice was originally published in a compact disk (CD) format. This 2001 project was published to the online Evidence Analysis Library for the benefit of ADA members, even though it does not follow the current online format and may be missing some of the components (all of the components of current evidence analysis include: question, conclusion, grade, search plan and results, evidence summary, overview table, worksheets, and quality check lists.)

• Basic Research
  Major Dietary Components for LDL-Cholesterol Reduction (HLP 2001)

  • Conclusion

    A diet low in total fat (<25-35%), saturated fat (<7%), and cholesterol lowers serum total and LDL-cholesterol 10% and decreases that risk of CHD.

    This information is from the 2001 Hyperlipidemia project. 
    . 

  • Grade: I
    • Grade I means there is Good/Strong evidence supporting the statement;
    • Grade II is Fair;
    • Grade III is Limited/Weak;
    • Grade IV is Expert Opinion Only;
    • Grade V is Not Assignable.
  • Evidence Summary: Major Dietary Components for LDL-C Reduction (HLP 2001)
    • Detail
    • Quality Rating Summary
      For a summary of the Quality Rating results, click here.
    • Worksheets
      • Brunner E, White I, Thorogood M, Bristow A, Curle D, Marmot M. Can dietary interventions change diet and cardiovascular risk factors? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Pub Health 1997; 87:1415-1422.
        
      • De Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Delaye J, Mamelle N. Mediterranean Diet, traditional risk factors, and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction, final report of the Lyon Diet Heart Study. Circulation. 1999; 99: 779-785.
      • Denke MA, Sempos CT, Grundy SM. Excess body weight. An underrecognized contributor to high blood cholesterol levels in white American men. Arch Int Med. 1993; 153: 1,093-1,103.
      • Ernst ND, Obarzanek E, Clark MB, Briefel RR, Brown CD, Donato K. Cardiovascular health risks related to overweight. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Jul; 97 (7 Suppl): S47-51. Review.
      • Ginsberg HN, Kris-Etherton P, Dennis B, Elmer PJ, Ershow A, Lefevre M, Pearson T, Roheim P, Ramakrishnan R, Reed R, Stewart K, Stewart P, Phillips K, Anderson N. The effects of reducing saturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in healthy subjects. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998; 18: 441-449.
      • Hooper L, Summerbell CD, Higgins JPT, Thompson RL, Capps NE, Smith GD, Reimersma RA, Ebrahim S. Dietary fat intake and prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review. BMJ. 2001
      • Howell WH, McNamara DJ, Tosca MA, Smith BT, Gaines JA. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein responses to dietary fat and cholesterol: meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997; 65:1747 1764.
      • Johnson CL, Rifkind BM, Sempos CT, Carroll MD, Bachorik PS, Briefel RR, Grodon DJ, Burt VL, Brown CD, Lippel L, Cleeman JL. Declining serum cholesterol levels among US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. JAMA 1993 Jun 16; 269 (23): 3,002-3,008.
      • Kris-Etherton PM, Zhao G, Pelkman CL, Fishell VK, Coval SM. Beneficial effects of a diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids on risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Nutr in Clin Care. 2000;3:153-162.
      • Kris-Etherton PM, Stephens DR, Eckel RH, et al.  AHA Scientific Statement: Summary of the Scientific Conference on Dietary Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health.  Conference Summary from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. J. Nutr. 2001. 131:1322-1326.
      • Kris-Etherton PM. Summary of the Scientific Conference on Dietary Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health: Conference Summary from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. Circulation 2001.103: 1,034-1,039.
      • Yu-Poth S, Zhao G, Etherton T, Naglak M, Jonnalagadda S, Kris-Etherton PM. Effects of the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Step I and Step II dietary intervention programs on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69:632-646.